if nothing is given what should we consider for determining acidity gas or aqaous
Dear Student,
Assuming that you're talking about how to determine the acidity of given compounds and arrange them in a particular order based on their acidities :
The more stable the conjugate base formed from the given compound, the higher will be the acidity.
The main factors which affect the stability of the conjugate base are:
Hope this helps.
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Assuming that you're talking about how to determine the acidity of given compounds and arrange them in a particular order based on their acidities :
The more stable the conjugate base formed from the given compound, the higher will be the acidity.
The main factors which affect the stability of the conjugate base are:
- Electronegativity : Electronegativity increases across the period. Thus, the tendency to accept negative charge and stabilise the conjugate base increases across the period. Thus, the electronegativity increases. Eg. HF > H2O > NH 3 > CH4
- Size of the atom: Down the group, the strength of the H-A bond decreases. Also, the charge density decreases and thus it becomes easier to accomodate the negative charge of the conjugate base. Thus, down the group, the acidity increases. Eg. HI > HBr > HCl > HF
- Resonance : Localization of the charge helps in increasing the stability of the conjugate base, thus increasing the acidity. Eg. RCOOH > ROH
- Inductive Effect : The presence of electron withdrawing groups increases the acidity whereas the presence of electron donating groups decreases the acidity.
Hope this helps.
Kindly try to ask a complete question so it is easier for us to understand your query and give an appropriate answer.
If you have any further doubt, do ask us and our experts will try to get back to you as soon as possible.
Regards