Illustratewith suitable examples the factors that lead to the emergence ofnationalist feelings.

Thefactors that lead to the emergence of nationalist feelings are:

Sharedbeliefs − This refers to the collective identity and visionfor the future of a group that aspires to have an independentpolitical existence.

• The citizens of a nation-state share common beliefs irrespective of ethnic or religious differences.

• For example, every citizen of India wants the national hockey team to become world champion.

Common history − Thecitizens of a nation-state share a common history.

• It perceives them as stretching back into the past as well as reaching into the future.

• For example, Indians share a common history of nationalist movement and have the same vision for their future.

Commonterritory − It shares a common land or territory on whichthe people have been living for a long period of time. Thus,territory is an important component of unity.

For example, Indians identifythemselves with the distinctive geographical features of the Indiansubcontinent.

Sharedpolitical ideals − Citizens of a nation-state share avision of the kind of state they want to build.

• They share same political ideas, they share commitment to a set of political ideas and are bound by a set of obligations legitimatised by the law of the state.

• For example, the Constitution of India that is representative of the collective will of the people has adopted democracy and secularism, among other ideals, as its goals.

Commonpolitical identity − The citizens share a common politicalidentity irrespective of their religious, linguistic groups.

Forexample, a Sikh from Punjab, a Muslim from Uttar Pradesh and a Hindufrom Karnataka share a common political identity of being Indianirrespective of their different religious and linguistic groups.