In the form of flowline charts, depict how are the following nutrients are digested in our body:
(1)Carbohydrates
(2)Proteins
(3) Fats

Dear student,
Please find below the answer:

1. Carbohydrates digestion:

$Food mixes with saliva inside the mouth cavity\to Saliva contains enzyme amylase which partially digests carbohydrate\to Carbohydartes converts into maltose by acion of amylase\to No Carbohydrate digestion in stomach as enzymes become inactive in presence of HCl\to Food pulp enters into intestine\to The intestinal juice and pancreatic juice contain amylase that again digests carbohydrate\to Maltose gets converted into simplest form of carbohydrates i.e. glu\cos e.$

2. Protein digestion:

• The digestion of proteins starts in the stomach. There is no digestion of proteins in the mouth as saliva don't have any enzymes for digestion of proteins.                                                       

• Mucosa of stomach has gastric glands containing 3 types of cells. These cells release their content in stomach. 

• Food rests in stomach for about 4-5 hours, then gets mixed with acidic gastric juices by churning movement of muscular wall and is called chyme at this stage.

• Gastric juice contains HCl, pepsinogen. Pepsinogen is converted into active form by the action of HCl.

                           Proenzyme pepsinogen  Pepsin (active enzyme)

• Mucus and bicarbonate lubricate the gastric epithelium and protect it from action of HCl.

• Small amount of protein digestion (by pepsin) occurs here.

• Rest of the protein digestion occurs in small intestine. Small intestine has  pancreatic juice released by  hepatopancreatic duct which contains inactive enzymes such as trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, amylase, lipase, nuclease, etc.
• Trypsinogen is converted into active form by enterokinase. This active trpsin then activates other enzymes including chymotripsinogen, procarboxypeptidase.

​​​3. Fats digestion:

$Pancreatic lipase digests fats into diglycerides or monogylcerides\to Diglycerides or monogylcerides are further digested into fatty acids and glycerol by intestinal lipases.$

Hope this clears your doubt.
Regards.