Is cooperation always voluntary or is it enforced If enforced, is it sanctions or is the strength of norms - Sociology - Social Structure Stratification and Social Processes in Society

Question

Is cooperation always voluntary or is it enforced? If enforced,
is it sanctions or is the strength of norms that ensure
cooperation? Discuss with examples

Pallavi Rawat · Accepted Answer

According to Karl Marx’s conflict perspective, cooperation
is enforced and not voluntary The enforcement of cooperation takes
place because of the existence of the class system The strength of
norms or the ‘social power’ compels the workers to work
because of the alien force which exists outside them It is caused
by the division of labour For this, Marx gave an example of a
worker in a factory, who undergoes the process of
‘alienation’ and loses control over the products of
his/her labour because he/she follows the monotonous routine every
time Also, compared to the conditions of a factory worker who works
in a cooperative environment with a worker who works for himself,
it is found that the independent worker is happier

Is cooperation always voluntary or is it enforced? If enforced, is it sanctions or is the strength of norms that ensure cooperation? Discuss with examples.