It is given in the study material that 'A NOUN IMMEDIATELY COMES AFTER POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES.' Can you please help me by pointing out the nou following the possessive adjective 'mine' in this sentence,"That book is mine." ?

The word 'mine' in the sentence given by you, is a possessive pronoun and not a possessive adjective.

We would request you to go through the study material again to know about the difference between possessive adjective and possessive pronoun.