. List three effects of current and explain with an example for each of them. Please answer fast
The flow of electric current causes the following effects in a conductor: Magnetic effect, Heating effect, and Chemical effect.
1. Magnetic effect of current-When an electric current passes through a wire, it behaves like a magnet. This magnetic effect of electric current is known as electromagnetic effect. When a magnetic compass is brought near a current carrying wire, the compass needle gets deflected. The compass needle suffers deflection because a current carrying wire produces magnetic field lines around it. This is known as magnetic effect of current.
2. Heating Effect of Electric Current-When an electric current is passed through a conductor, the conductor becomes hot after some time and produces heat. When electric charges move through a wire, they lose some of the energy to the atoms in the wire. On receiving the energy, The atoms vibrate more and more causing the wire to heat up. Some of the Electric Energy is changed to heat energy. The higher the resistance the more the heat energy. The amount of heat generated is governed by Joule's first law:
Q = I 2 ·R·t
where Q is the heat, I is the current, R is the resistance, and t is the time. If I is given in amperes, R in ohms, and t in seconds, the units of energy for the heat will be in Joules.
Application : electric iron , heater , geyser , toaster all work on this principle.
3. Chemical effect of current-Most liquids that conduct electricity are solutions of acids, bases and salts. The passage of an electric current through a conducting liquid causes chemical reactions. This is called Electrolysis and the resulting effects are called chemical effects of currents.
Chemical effect of electric current may cause :-
a) Formation of gas bubbles at the electrodes
b) Deposit of metal on the electrodes
Regards