Mention the location and the functions of the following:
i. Hypothalamus
ii.neurotransmitters
Dear Student,
Hypothalamus-
Hypothalamus-
- Location- The hypothalamus is located just below the thalamus in the brain. It is located on either side of the third ventricle of the cerebrum.
- Functions-
- The hypothalamus plays a significant role in the endocrine system. It is responsible for maintaining your body’s internal balance, which is known as homeostasis. To do this, the hypothalamus helps stimulate or inhibit many of your body’s key processes, including:
- Heart rate and blood pressure
- Body temperature
- Fluid and electrolyte balance, including thirst
- Appetite and body weight
- Glandular secretions of the stomach and intestines
- Production of substances that influence the pituitary gland to release hormones
- Sleep cycles
- The hypothalamus is involved in many functions of the autonomic nervous system, as it receives information from nearly all parts of the nervous system. As such, it is considered the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system.
- The hypothalamus plays a significant role in the endocrine system. It is responsible for maintaining your body’s internal balance, which is known as homeostasis. To do this, the hypothalamus helps stimulate or inhibit many of your body’s key processes, including:
- Location- The electric signals are transmitted from one neuron to the next across a synapse through the release of chemicals called neurotransmitters. The axon terminal of nerve fibers contains synaptic vesicles filled with these neurotransmitters.
- Functions-
- When an impulse arrives at the axon terminal, it stimulates the movement of the synaptic vesicles towards the membrane where they fuse with the plasma membrane and release their neurotransmitters in the gap called the synapse.
- The released neurotransmitters reach the next neuron cause changes over there and start a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of the next neuron.
- Acetylcholine is a type of neurotransmitter that works the same way as other neurotransmitters.