On a bottle of cola, one reads the following information ...the ingredients are sparkling water and sugar and dye and phosphoric acid and caffeine and natural aromas

Dear Student,
Answer to your questions are given below:
1) Solvent:-  sparkling water
    Solutes:- sugar, dye, phosphoric acid, caffeine, natural aromas
2) The nature of the solvent is liquid and aqueous.
3)
    (a)  Due to heating and shaking, the temperature of the solution increases as a result the dissolved gases are released because              absorption of gas in a liquid is inversely proportional to its temperature. Thus, the balloon swells up after heating and                          shaking.
    (b) The effect on heating and shaking gives us information about the dependency of dissolution of gases by liquids. More the           temperature of the solution, less is the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid. Thus, dissolution of gas in a liquid is inversely           proportional to its temperature.
Regards,

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