Please answer fast.....
a) Burning of crop residues damages the micro-organisms that were present in the uppermost surface layers of the soil. It also results in the reduction of the organic quality. Due to the loss of eco-friendly natural pests, there will be more increase in those pests that damages the crops. Agricultural burning also leads to reducing the fertility of the soil. Thus, new crops are difficult to grow on the soil where agricultural burning has been practised.
b) Exposure to low concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) can cause fatigue in healthy people and chest pain in people with heart disease. At higher concentrations, exposure can cause impaired vision and coordination; headaches; dizziness; confusion; nausea. Acute effects are due to the formation of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood which prevents the intake of oxygen. Exposure to CO at moderate concentrations, angina attacks, impaired vision, and reduced brain function may result. At very high concentrations, carbon monoxide exposure can be very fatal.
c) There are various kinds of pollution whose prevention is different with respect to their type which is discussed below:
PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION
Addition of undesirable substances like industrial wastes, pesticides, insecticides etc in the water bodies should be avoided. Removal of desirable substances from water bodies like dissolved oxygen and nutrients should be avoided. These factors affect aquatic animals and plants and disturb the environment and pollute it. Runoff water from agricultural fields, lawns, gardens, roads,constructions sites etc should not be mixed with drinking water.
PREVENTING AIR POLLUTION
We must get our vehicles fitted with CNG or LPG kits which are non-polluting fuels. Regular pollution checks of vehicles help prevent air pollution. Tall chimneys with filter must be fitted in factories to release smoke and gases very high away from the populated places. Encourage the use of pollution free modes of transport like cycles, rickshaws and by-cycle after all cycles are very popular in advanced countries like Denmark.
PREVENTING NOISE POLLUTION
Trees planted in rows which are usually seen on the roads, act as noise barrier which reduces the intensity of the sound waves by absorbing them. Trees scatter the sound waves and decrease its intensity and thus prevent noise pollution that is noticed usually on the roads.
PREVENTING SOIL POLLUTION
Soil pollution can be prevented by avoiding the use of chemicals as much as possible. It can be mitigated by treating sewage before it is moved to other areas. By disposing garbage to proper dump areas and by avoiding the use of non-biodegradable substance.
Regards