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Dear Student,

​​​​​​The answer to your first query is provided below:

1. A democratic country needs a constitution to ensure that the elected representatives chosen by the people will not misuse their powers for their personal benefits. Thus, a constitution provides some kind of safeguards against the misuse of power by the elected representatives in the government. A democratic country require a constitution to protect the rights of minority communities and against the domination of the majority community. The constitution guarantees certain fundamental rights to each and every citizen of the country and ensure that all the citizens in the country live with self-respect and dignity.

The answer to your second query is provided below:

2. Welfare state is a political system where the government takes the complete responsibility for the well-being of its citizens by making certain policies which could satisfy the basic needs of each and every individual and ensure that everyone has a minimum standard of living under their reach. The policies such as free education, universal health care, providing insurance to the disabled, old age pensions, etc are considered as examples in this regard. Thus, the welfare state is a social system where the government takes the responsibility for the individual and social welfare of the citizens.

Regards

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A democratic country needs a Constitution because of the following reasons:
It lays out certain ideals that form the basis of the kind of country that we as citizens aspire to live in.
It serves as an asset of rules and principles as the basis of the way in which people want their country to be governed.
It lays out all important guidelines that govern decision making within different societies of the country.
It provides rules to safeguard the interests of minorities and prevent them from being dominated by the majority section.
It lays down certain rules based on which people belonging to different religions and communities can coexist in harmony.
It lays down rules that guard against this misuse of authority by our political leaders.
It also provides certain fundamental rights to its citizens and protects their freedom.
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The term "welfare state" refers to a type of governing in which the national government plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. A welfare state is based on the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions of a good life.
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