Please solve

(b)   Name the products obtained and write the reactions in the following cases of electrolysis :

(i)     Acidified water solution is electrolysed using Pt-electrodes.

(ii)   Aqueous copper (II) sulphate solution is electrolysed using platinum as cathode and carbon as anode.

(iii)   Fused lead bromide is electrolyed using inert electrodes.

i) 

Water can be written in ionic form as :

H2O(aq) -------> H+(aq) + OH–(aq)

When an acid is added in water it dissociates like:

H2SO4 + water --------> H2SO4(aq)

H2SO4 (aq) -------> 2H+(aq) + (SO4)2–(aq)

Reactions at cathode and anode

At cathode, hydrogen ions receive electrons, they undergo reduction and discharge to form hydrogen gas.

2H+(aq) + 2e– --------> H2(g)

At anode, hydroxide ions give up electrons, they undergo oxidation and discharge to form oxygen gas.

4OH-(aq) ------> O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e–

ii) 

At the Cathode: 4OH^- - 4e^- → O₂ + 2H₂O
Oxygen from OH^- ions is formed.

At the anode: Cu⁺² + 2e^- → Cu
Cu⁺² are discharged because copper is less reactive than hydrogen.

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