Please tell the function of the annotated circles
Dear Student,
The diagram is an experimental setup for distillations.
The apparatus in which you have marked the red circle is called a LIEBIG'S CONDENSER.
Here the distillate is condensed to get the pure liquid in the flask
The marked circles are water inlet and water outlet.
These are used to cool down the gas formed during boiling the liquid mixture and condense it into liquid.
Water Inlet is kept at bottom and Outlet on top because, the cold water comes in from the Inlet and the gas is hot near the Outlet. So if cold water goes from bottom to top, it will cool down the gas and will leave the condenser.
Doing it this way always ensures that condenser will be full of cooling water.
If the arrangement was reversed, then the water coming in will get warmed quickly leading to less effective condensation.
Regards
The diagram is an experimental setup for distillations.
The apparatus in which you have marked the red circle is called a LIEBIG'S CONDENSER.
Here the distillate is condensed to get the pure liquid in the flask
The marked circles are water inlet and water outlet.
These are used to cool down the gas formed during boiling the liquid mixture and condense it into liquid.
Water Inlet is kept at bottom and Outlet on top because, the cold water comes in from the Inlet and the gas is hot near the Outlet. So if cold water goes from bottom to top, it will cool down the gas and will leave the condenser.
Doing it this way always ensures that condenser will be full of cooling water.
If the arrangement was reversed, then the water coming in will get warmed quickly leading to less effective condensation.
Regards