please xplain plasmid in detail...?

Plasmid is a circular, extra-chromosomal DNA present in some bacteria.

Plasmids are used as a vector for carrying out transformation experiments since it contains an origin of replication(ori site, essential for initiation of replication) and other antibiotic resistance genes that aid in identification of transformants.The desired gene is inserted in the plasmid and multiple copies of Plasmids are obtained which are further introduce in the host cell(for e.g.- E.Coli). ;;;

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plasmids provide a mechanism for horizontal gene transfer within a population of microbes and typically provide a selective advantage under a given environmental state. Plasmids may carry genes that provide resistance to naturally occurring antibiotics in a competitive environmental niche, or the proteins produced may act as toxins under similar circumstances. Plasmids can also provide bacteria with the ability to fix elemental nitrogen or to degrade recalcitrant organic compounds that provide an advantage when nutrients are scarce

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Plasmid is a circular, extra-chromosomal DNA present in some bacteria. It is used is a vector for carrying out transformation experiments since it contains an origin of replication(ori site, essential for initiation of replication) and other antibiotic resistance genes that aid in identification of transformants.

Hope it is clear to you now,

cheers!!..........

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