Q. A conducting rod held horizontally along East-West direction is dropped from rest from a certain height near the Earth's surface. Why should there be an induced emf across the code of the rod? Draw a plot showing the instantaneous variation of emf as a function of time from the instant it begins to fall.

Dear student,

An induced emf is produced whenever there is a change in the magnetic flux.
The rod will experience induced emf due to the varying earth's magnetic field. As the rod is held horizontally and is allowed to drop freely magnetic flux changes, as the rod moves from north to south direction.
graph of EMF against time for a dropped magnet through a coil

Regards
 

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