Q. How are the roots of Rizophora, growing in swampy areas, modified in obtain oxygen for respiration?
Q. Calling the biosynthetic phase of photosynthesis as Dark reaction is a misnomer. Do you agree with the statement? why or Why not?

Dear Student ,

Q1. The roots of Rhizophora comes out of the ground and grows vertically (an example of root modification). This helps the plant to respire in swampy areas where the availability of air is very less.
 
Q2. Calling biosynthetic phase  as the dark reaction is a misnomer (a word or term that suggests a meaning that is known to be wrong) because biosynthetic phase cannot occur for long if light phase is absent. Biosynthetic phase depends on the products of light reaction ATP and NADPH.

 After light becomes unavailable, the biosynthetic process continues for some time, and then stops. If then, light is  made available, the synthesis starts again. So, biosynthetic should not be totally considered as the dark reaction.

 

Regards!

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Roots of rhizophora are an example of root modification for respiration. As availability of air is very less in Marsh soil, They grow above the ground and perform the function of respiration through pneumatophores.

Hope this helps...
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