Q1 what is an economic activity Q2 Identify the aims of national health policy 2002 Q3 what are - Social Science - People as Resource

Question

Q1 what is an economic activity? Q2 Identify the aims of
national health policy 2002? Q3 what are the various fornes of
unemployment existing in India ?Mention 3 causes? Q4 Explain two
measures introduced by the government to improve enrollment in
elementary education in the country? Q5 Explain any five negative
and positive aspects of large population? Q6 Ways in which human
capital formation affects the growth of an economic ? Q7 How have
countries like Japan becomes rich and developed?Explain 3
reasons?

Bangtan · Accepted Answer

Q1
Economic activities are the activities which are done to earn
income like business or jobs; While non economic activities are the
ones which are done to satisfy social or self requirements and not
to earn money like looking after your house, donating blood
Farm labour is the manpower or labour which works on farms and
carry out all the farm activities
Q2
(i) Role of local self government:
(ii) Use of generic drugs and vaccines:
(iv) Mental Health:
(v) National Disease Surveillance
Network:
(vi) Women's Health:
(vii) Medical Ethics:
(viii)Impact of globalization on the health
sector:

Q3
ypes of Unemployment:
As unemployment is a universal problem and is found in every
country more or less, therefore, it is categorised into a number of
types The chief among them are stated below:
1) Structural unemployment:
Basically India 's unemployment is structural in nature It is
associated with the inadequacy of productive capacity to create
enough jobs for all those able and willing to work In India not
only the productive capacity much below the needed quantity, it is
also found increasing at a slow rate As against this, addition to
labour force is being made at a first rate on account of the
rapidly growing population Thus, while new productive jobs are on
the increase, the rate of increasing being low the absolute number
of unemployed persons is rising from year to year
2) Disguised unemployment:
Disguised unemployment implies that many workers are engaged in
productive work For example, in Indian villages, where most of
unemployment exists in this form, people are found to be apparently
engaged in agricultural works But such employment is mostly a work
sharing device i e , the existing work is shared by the large
number of workers In such a situation, even if many workers are
withdrawn, the same work will continue to be done by fewer
people
It follows that all the workers arte not needed to maintain the
existing level of production The contribution of such workers to
production is nothing It is found that the very large numbers of
workers on Indian farms actually hinder agricultural works and
thereby reduce production
3) Cyclical unemployment:
Cyclical unemployment in caused by the trade or business cycles
It results from the profits and loss and fluctuations in the
deficiency of effective demand production is slowed down and there
is a general state of depression which causes unemployment periods
of cyclical unemployment is longer and it generally affects all
industries to a greater or smaller extent
4) Seasonal unemployment:
Seasonal unemployment occurs at certain seasons of the year It
is a widespread phenomenon of Indian villages basically associated
with agriculture Since agricultural work depends upon Nature,
therefore, in a certain period of the year there is heavy work,
while in the rest, the work is lean For example, in the sowing and
harvesting period, the agriculturists may to engage themselves day
and night
But the period between the post harvest and pre sowing is
almost workless, rendering many without work Thus, seasonal
unemployment is largely visible after the end of agricultural
works
5) Underemployment:
Underemployment usually refers to that state in which the self
employed working people are not working according to their capacity
For example, a diploma holder in engineering, if for wants of an
appropriate job, start any business may be said to be underemployed
Apparently, he may be deemed as working and earning in a productive
activity and in this sense contributing something to
production
But in reality he is not working to his capability, or to his
full capacity He is, therefore, not full employed This type of
unemployment is mostly visible in urban areas
6) Open Unemployment:
Open unemployment is a condition in which people have no work
to do They are able to work and are also willing to work but there
is no work for them They are found partly in villages, but very
largely in cities Most of them come form villages in search of
jobs, many originate in cities themselves Such employment can be
seen and counted in terms of the number of such persons
Hence it is called upon unemployment Open unemployment is to be
distinguished from disguised unemployment and underemployment in
that while in the case of former unemployment workers are totally
idle, but in the latter two types of unemployment they appear to be
working and do not seem to be away their time
7) Voluntary Unemployment:
Voluntary unemployment occurs when a working persons willingly
withdraws himself from work This type of unemployment may be caused
due to a number of reasons For example, one may quarrel with the
employer and resign or one may have permanent source of unearned
income, absentee workers, and strikers and so on In voluntary
unemployment, a person is out of job of his own desire She does not
work on the prevalent or prescribed wages Either he wants higher
wages or does not want to work at all
8) Involuntary unemployment:
Involuntary unemployment occurs when at a particular time the
number of worker is more than the number of jobs Obviously this
state of affairs arises because of the insufficiency or non
availability of work It is customary to characterise involuntary
unemployment, not voluntary as unemployment proper
hope this helps
Q4
(a) The NPE-1986 has brought the scheme of ECCE under the
banner of education in order to improved education in India
(b) The NPE-1986 has recommended a holistic approach to provide
opportunities to all children for their all round development
(c) The Government of India has paid special attention towards
the education of girls and women literacy
(d) Nearly 67% women of our country are illiterate The numbers
of illiterate woman are more among SC/ST women and women living in
rural areas Steps have been planned to provide female adult
education and education of those woman and girls, who are deprived
of educational opportunities
(e) For the improvement of primary education in respect of its
curriculum, teacher training programme and evaluation, some
innovative infrastructure has been built To strengthen this
infrastructure the DIET and the SCERT have been assigned with
certain specific duties
Q5
Like other resources population also is a resource — a
'human resource' This is the positive side of a large population
that is often overlooked when we look only at the negative side,
considering only the problems of providing the population with
food, education and access to health facilities
When the existing 'human resource' is further developed by
becoming more educated and healthy, we call it 'human capital
formation' that adds to the productive power of the country just
like 'physical capital formation' Investment in human capital
(through education, training, medical care) yields a return just
like investment in physical capital This can be seen directly in
the form of higher incomes earned because of higher productivity of
the more educated or the better trained persons, as well as the
higher productivity of healthier people
Q7
Three reasons why health is an asset to the economy are as
follows:
it ensures a productive human resource of the country
a healthy population also ensures more working days This means
that generation of work would be more
health also means mental health This allows people to work in a
peaceful mind and thus have more productivity