what r 3 main different challenges faced by indian democracy

 ILLITERACY PROBLEM

It is a country where the population will reach one billion people by the next century, while only one-third of them will be able to read. Due to various social and economic problems India's education program continues to be undercut. Of the biggest victims of the educational system are those living in rural areas. The attitudes of the children and teachers also affect the quality of the schools. Allocation of government funds and the conditions of the destitute rural schools contribute to the low quality of education by rural children. While there are many rural area school systems which are operating in poor conditions there is one in particular whose schools outperform most other rural schools and also those located in wealthy areas of India. Consequently, Kerala, a rural state of India remains a puzzle to many educators. Its illiteracy rate does not follow the trend of most rural schools.
Many children living in rural areas receive a level of education which is very poor. Overall enrollment in primary and middle schools are very low. Fifty percent of children living in these areas leave school before the fifth grade (Tefft, 12) These children leave school for variety of reasons: some leave because of lack of interest; most leave so that they can work in the fields, where the hours are long and the pay is low. A large percent of the dropouts are females. Forced by their parents, most girls perform chores and tend the family at home. These are some of the reasons why sixty percent of all females in India are illiterate, a figure much higher than those of males. 

OVERPOPULATION
India is the second most populated country on this planet and is on it's way to being number one within the next fifty years. The government is very concerned about the size of India's population and has focused tremendous amounts of energy into combating India's growth. They feel this is the best way to deal with India's high poverty rate (35%). However, the methods that the government has taken on curbing growth rates has raised some concerns. Greg Bokan's page will give an in-depth look at several of controversies that have developed around India's population control policies, and their effectiveness.
In effect, India is like a nation of bonded labourers with no recourse. The exploitation of this nation is inevitable given the circumstances however unfair it may appear to be. It is unfair that 20 percent of the world's population consumes 80 percent of the world's resources. It is unfair that India with 16 percent of the global population uses only 3 percent of its resources. But who is responsible for this imbalance and who are we going to complain to? Unfortunately, we have no one to thank but ourselves for the situation that we find ourselves in. 

ENERGY CRISIS
India has a total installed capacity of about 100,000 MW of which, roughly 70% comes from Thermal Power Plants. There are three types of generation techniques under the head ‘Thermal’: 
Coal Based 
Gas Based 
Diesel Based 
The next biggest contributor to thermal power supply is Hydro Power Plants, accounting for nearly 25% of the overall production. 
Nuclear and wind based power plants in addendum account for a dismal 2.5% and 1.5% respectively. 
As can be seen in the pie chart, coal-based power plants have a share of about 60% and are the biggest contributors to the power supply in India. 

 the first challenge is lack of democracy within parties.

the second challenge is dynastic succession.

the third challenge is about the growing role of money and muscle power in parties.

the fourth challenge is that often parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters.

t is a country where the population will reach one billion people by the next century, while only one-third of them will be able to read. Due to various social and economic problems India's education program continues to be undercut. Of the biggest victims of the educational system are those living in rural areas. The attitudes of the children and teachers also affect the quality of the schools. Allocation of government funds and the conditions of the destitute rural schools contribute to the low quality of education by rural children. While there are many rural area school systems which are operating in poor conditions there is one in particular whose schools outperform most other rural schools and also those located in wealthy areas of India. Consequently, Kerala, a rural state of India remains a puzzle to many educators. Its illiteracy rate does not follow the trend of most rural schools.
Many children living in rural areas receive a level of education which is very poor. Overall enrollment in primary and middle schools are very low. Fifty percent of children living in these areas leave school before the fifth grade (Tefft, 12) These children leave school for variety of reasons: some leave because of lack of interest; most leave so that they can work in the fields, where the hours are long and the pay is low. A large percent of the dropouts are females. Forced by their parents, most girls perform chores and tend the family at home. These are some of the reasons why sixty percent of all females in India are illiterate, a figure much higher than those of males.

OVERPOPULATION
India is the second most populated country on this planet and is on it's way to being number one within the next fifty years. The government is very concerned about the size of India's population and has focused tremendous amounts of energy into combating India's growth. They feel this is the best way to deal with India's high poverty rate (35%). However, the methods that the government has taken on curbing growth rates has raised some concerns. Greg Bokan's page will give an in-depth look at several of controversies that have developed around India's population control policies, and their effectiveness.
In effect, India is like a nation of bonded labourers with no recourse. The exploitation of this nation is inevitable given the circumstances however unfair it may appear to be. It is unfair that 20 percent of the world's population consumes 80 percent of the world's resources. It is unfair that India with 16 percent of the global population uses only 3 percent of its resources. But who is responsible for this imbalance and who are we going to complain to? Unfortunately, we have no one to thank but ourselves for the situation that we find ourselves in.

ENERGY CRISIS
India has a total installed capacity of about 100,000 MW of which, roughly 70% comes from Thermal Power Plants. There are three types of generation techniques under the head ‘Thermal’:
Coal Based
Gas Based
Diesel Based
The next biggest contributor to thermal power supply is Hydro Power Plants, accounting for nearly 25% of the overall production.
Nuclear and wind based power plants in addendum account for a dismal 2.5% and 1.5% respectively.
As can be seen in the pie chart, coal-based power plants have a share of about 60% and are the biggest contributors to the power supply in India.

THE CRISIS:
According to a report filed by the Ministry of power with the Prime Minister’s office (as an SOS call), out of the total 75 coal based power plants in the country:
22 had less than 7 days stocks left
6 had less than 4 days stocks left
(Against a mandatory requirement of 15 days) and could shut anytime (just as NTPC had already shut down one of its unit in Orissa due to coal shortage).
Therefore, almost 50% of the coal-based power plants were experiencing critically short supplies.
The seriousness of the situation can be ascertained from the wordings of the report, which says the situation is “ALARMING” and needs to be redressed on “WAR FOOTINGS”. So, it is clear that we do have a crisis at hand.

So, what is the government doing about the coal shortage?

Well, to meet the immediate demand the government has asked the plants to import coal (NTPC has already imported 3.2 MT to sustain its operation.)
It is projected that to meet the shortfall between demand and supply, 12MT of coal will have to be imported every year for the next 2-3 years and figure could rise to 40MT by 2007 if the linked mines are not developed on war footings.
However, the proposition is a costly one as the price of coal is quite high in the international market. Due to this, the cost of production of electricity would go up by 10 to 15 paise per unit.
**Is there really a shortage of coal?
You will be surprised to look at the facts!
Coal Mining in India was started in the year 1774 in the eastern part of the country in the State.

AGRICULTURAL CHALLENGES:
Problems faced by Indian Agriculturist


1. Lack of education and awareness about opportunities.
2. Lack of Market Knowledge and Marketing skills.
3. Lack of professionalism and small land holding.
4. Absence of innovative financing for agriculture.
5. Agriculture has become un-viable due to over supply because new hybrids are giving excellent yield but due to over supply, the price realization is very low.
6. Cost of transport to market, electricity for water pump, cost of fertilizers, cost of living is going up several times but the selling price of agriculture produce is stagnating due to over supply and record productions.
7. Lack of reliable Agriculture publication and media to provide latest and reliable localized data.

 THE 3 PROBLEMS ARE :-

1) ILLETRACY

2) RAPID INCREASE IN POPULATION

3)ENERGY CRISIS

HOPE IT HELPS!!!!!