sir/mam can u give me an in-depth explanation about the alkaline nature of alkyl and aryl amines,the extent of basic - Chemistry - Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Question

sir/mam can u give me an in-depth explanation about the alkaline
nature of alkyl and aryl amines,the extent of basic character,the
order of their increase/decrease in basic character of amines,what
makes amines behave as alkaline substances on the basis of
inductive effect,resonance effect and steric hindrance,etc

na · Accepted Answer

The basic character of amines is due to the lone pair of electrons
present on nitrogen Aromatic amines are less basic compared to
aliphatic amines in aromatic amines , the NH2 group is directly
attached to sp2 hybridised carbon of benzene ring , but in
aliphatic amines , the NH2 group is attacherd to sp3 hybrid carbon
The sp2 hybridised carbon is more electronegative compared to sp3
hybridised carbon and thus , reduces the availablity of lone pair
on nitrogen in aromatic amines and so an aromatic amine such as
anniline exibhits a resonance effect (+R effect ) due to which the
lone pair on nitrogen participates in delocalization with pi
electrons of benzene ring system and is less available to be shared
with other species

With an increase in the no of phenyl groups , the delocalization of
lone pair increases further sterric hindrence is also increased due
to presence of phenyl groups and these two factor together reduce
the availablity of lone pair of electrons on nitrogens thereby
decreasing the basicity Diphenyl amine is a weaker base then
anniline whiloe triphenylamine completely lacks basisty