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(a) How does transpiration help in upward movement of water from roots to leaves ? 
(b) What is translocation ? Why is it essential for plants ? 

(a) The releasing of excess water in the form of water vapour through the stomata in leaves of plant is transpiration.Due to transpiration, In the upward region, low pressure is created due to the loss of water and the comparative pressure at the bottom of plant becomes high.This pressure variance causes water absorbed by the root to move upward.And, In this way, the water reaches the leaves for photosynthesis. (b): Translocation means the transportation of food from leaves to the other parts of plant.As it is known to us that each part of plant respires separately.So, each body part of plant must be supplied with the food (Glucose) so thatt they can respire and get energy.
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b)​ Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to other tissues throughout the plant. Plants produce carbohydrates (sugars) in their leaves by photosynthesis, but nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant also require carbohydrates and other organic and nonorganic materials. For this reason, nutrients are translocated from sources (regions of excess carbohydrates, primarily mature leaves) to sinks (regions where the carbohydrate is needed). Some important sinks are roots, flowers, fruits, stems, and developing leaves. Leaves are particularly interesting in this regard because they are sinks when they are young and become sources later, when they are about half grown.
 
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