I can give the answer to the 2nd question:-
For short note:-
1. A chromosome is a structure in the nucleus of the cells which carries hereditary information.
2. A chromosome is made up of nucliec acid.
3. There are 4 types of chromosomes based on the position of centromere & the length of arms:-
A. Metacentric:- The centromere is right at the centre or the midpoint. The length of both arms are same & they make the shape of English letter 'V'.
B. Sub-metacentric:- The centromere is somewhere around rhe midpoint. One arm is slightly shorter than the other arm forming the english letter 'L'.
C. Acrocentric:- The centromere is near the end of one arm. One arm is comparatively shorter than the other forming the English letter 'j'.
D. Telocentric:- The centromere is right at the end of one arm. This chromosome consists of only one arm
forming the English letter 'i'.
For definition:-
A chromosome is a structure in the nucleus of the cells which carries hereditary information & is made up of nucliec acid.