Sst history urg

Dear Student,

Please refer answer to question 4, about the new social group below:

The following points may help you:

The middle class referred to the new social groups that emerged in the 18th century. The middle class consisted of the following:
a. Merchants and manufacturers
b. Professionals like doctors, lawyers, judges, teachers.
c. French revolution is one such example of the role of middle class, . as they constitute an important segment of population and also included professionals, educated who are inspired by revolutionary ideas and ideas of liberty, freedom, they have always aspired for change and challenge the royal power.
d. They  challenged the authority of the upper class, and have called for society based on equality
e. They were referred as middle class as they were neither part of the aristocracy nor the constituted the poorest section of the society.
 f. France before the French revolution was based on strict social stratification, a society based on the system of estates with king at the apex , followed by the nobility  and the common people.
g. The society was based on privileges based on birth, where the clergy and the nobility were exempted from paying taxes.
h.. The middle class who  primarily consisted of the moneyed and educated section of the Third estate and believed in the social structure that was based on merit and not birth. They believed that no group should be privileged on account of birth rather a society must be based on the principles of freedom, equal laws and opportunities.
i. They were
 influenced by the philosophy and ideas of Locke, Montesquie and Rousseau, middle class challenged the divine rights of the king and demanded society and government based on consent.These revolutionary ideas and inspired people to rebel against the absolute regime.
 j. Faced with the revolting subjects, the King accorded recognition to the National assembly, which was.assembly of Estates general mainly comprised of educated and prosperous section of the third estate who mainly represented the rest of the section of the society and voiced their concerns and grievances.
k. An important decree was passed  on ​4 August 1789, by the national assembly, that abolished feudal privileges and obligations.


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