state the reasons that are causing threat to the ecosystem

   The main reasons that are causing threat to the ecosystem are:
  1. Poaching or hunting by greedy hunters for commercial purposes.
  2. Environmental Pollution including land degradation, soil and water pollution due to chemical and industrial waste, acid deposits etc.
  3. Introduction of altogether different species through vegetative propagation.
  4. Deforestation on large scale.

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The main factor currently driving biodiversity loss is habitat destruction—on land; in streams, rivers, and lakes; and in the oceans. Human activities such as: deforestation; bottom trawling in the oceans; the damming and dredging of streams, rivers, and lakes; and the draining and degradation of wetlands, estuaries, and mangroves are responsible.

Other threats to biodiversity and to ecosystems include: the over-harvesting of plant and animal species; the introduction of non-native species; and pollution. Many types of human-caused pollution are a threat—the release of excessive amounts of nitrates and phosphates from sewage and agricultural run-off; persistent organic pollutants that can concentrate in food webs (and in our own tissues) and adversely affect hormonal and reproductive function; pharmaceuticals used by people and in livestock production that are toxic to wildlife; acid rain; heavy metals; herbicides and pesticides; and plastics.

Still further threats come from: excessive ultraviolet radiation from depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer that can damage the DNA and proteins of land-based, freshwater, and marine organisms; war and conflict that can result in habitat destruction, over-hunting, and pollution; and climate change.

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