​State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with statement.
​1)    Ultmust care has to be taken while using secondary data

Dear student,

Please find below the solution to the asked query:

$$\begin{gathered} \mathbf{Primary}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{data}\mathbf{ }\mathrm{is} \mathrm{data}, \mathrm{which} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{collected} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{researcher} \mathrm{themselves}. \mathrm{This} \mathrm{kind} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{is} \\ \mathrm{new}, \mathrm{original} \mathrm{research} \mathrm{information}. \\ \mathrm{Primary} \mathrm{sources} \mathrm{enable} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{researcher} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{get} \mathrm{as} \mathrm{close} \mathrm{as} \mathrm{possible} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{what} \mathrm{actually} \mathrm{happened} \\ \mathrm{and} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{hands} \mathrm{on}. \\ \mathrm{A} \mathrm{primary} \mathrm{source} \mathrm{reflects} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{individual} \mathrm{viewpoint} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{a} \mathrm{participant} \mathrm{or} \mathrm{observer}. \mathrm{Primary} \mathrm{sources} \\ \mathrm{are} \mathrm{first} \mathrm{hand} \mathrm{information} \mathrm{from} \mathrm{a} \mathrm{person} \mathrm{who} \mathrm{witnessed} \mathrm{or} \mathrm{participated} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{an} \\ \mathrm{event}. \\ \mathbf{Examples}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{primary}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{data} \mathrm{are}: \mathrm{Interviews}, \mathrm{Questionaries}, \mathrm{Observations}. \\ \mathbf{Secondary}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{data} \mathrm{uses} \mathrm{information} \mathrm{that} \mathrm{has} \mathrm{already} \mathrm{been} \mathrm{produced} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{other} \mathrm{people}. \\ \mathrm{A} \mathrm{secondary} \mathrm{source} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{used} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{a} \mathrm{person} \mathrm{usually} \mathrm{not} \mathrm{present} \mathrm{at} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{event} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{relying} \mathrm{on} \mathrm{primary} \\ \mathrm{source} \mathrm{documents} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{information}. \\ \mathrm{Secondary} \mathrm{sources} \mathrm{usually} \mathrm{analyse} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{interpret}. \mathrm{Finding} \mathrm{out} \mathrm{about} \mathrm{research} \mathrm{that} \mathrm{already} \mathrm{exits} \\ \mathrm{will} \mathrm{help} \mathrm{form} \mathrm{new} \mathrm{research}. \\ \mathbf{Examples}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{secondary}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{data}: \mathrm{Internet}, \mathrm{Books}/\mathrm{Magazines}, \mathrm{Newspapers} \mathrm{etc}. \\ \mathbf{Primary}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{data}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{are}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{more}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{reliable}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{than}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{secondary}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{data}. \mathrm{It} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{because} \mathrm{primary} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{are} \mathrm{collected} \\ \mathrm{by} \mathrm{doing} \mathrm{original} \mathrm{research} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{not} \mathrm{through} \mathrm{secondary} \mathrm{sources} \mathrm{that} \mathrm{may} \mathrm{subject} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{some} \mathrm{errors} \\ \mathrm{or} \mathrm{discrepancies} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{may} \mathrm{even} \mathrm{contain} \mathrm{outdated} \mathrm{information}. \\ \mathrm{Secondary} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{are} \mathrm{less} \mathrm{reliable} \mathrm{than} \mathrm{primary} \mathrm{data}. \mathrm{It} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{so}, \mathrm{since}, \mathrm{based} \mathrm{on} \mathrm{research} \mathrm{work} \mathrm{done} \\ \mathrm{by} \mathrm{others} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{not} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{researcher} \mathrm{himself}. \\ \mathrm{Here}, \mathrm{verification} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{published} \mathrm{information} \mathrm{cannot} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{always} \mathrm{confirmed} \mathrm{accurately} \mathrm{as} \mathrm{all} \mathrm{references} \\ \mathrm{used} \mathrm{may} \mathrm{not} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{available} \mathrm{or} \mathrm{mentioned} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{detail}. \end{gathered}$$

$$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{The} \mathrm{investigator} \mathrm{should} \mathrm{take} \mathrm{precautions} \mathrm{before} \mathrm{using} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{secondary} \mathrm{data}. \\ \mathrm{In} \mathrm{this} \mathrm{connection}, \mathrm{following} \mathrm{precautions} \mathrm{should} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{taken} \mathrm{into} \mathrm{account}. \\ 1. \mathbf{Suitable}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Purpose}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Investigation}: \mathrm{The} \mathrm{investigator} \mathrm{must} \mathrm{ensure} \mathrm{that} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{are} \mathrm{suitable} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \\ \mathrm{purpose} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{enquiry}. \\ 2. \mathbf{Inadequate}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Data}: \mathrm{Adequacy} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{judged} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{light} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{requirements} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{survey} \\ \mathrm{as} \mathrm{well} \mathrm{as} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{geographical} \mathrm{area} \mathrm{covered} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{available} \mathrm{data}. \\ 3. \mathbf{Definition}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Units}: \mathrm{The} \mathrm{investigator} \mathrm{must} \mathrm{ensure} \mathrm{that} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{definitions} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{units} \mathrm{which} \mathrm{are} \mathrm{used} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{him} \\ \mathrm{are} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{same} \mathrm{as} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{earlier} \mathrm{investigation}. \\ 4. \mathbf{Degree}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Accuracy}: \mathrm{The} \mathrm{investigator} \mathrm{should} \mathrm{keep} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{mind} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{degree} \mathrm{accuracy} \mathrm{maintained} \mathrm{by} \mathrm{each} \\ \mathrm{investigator}. \\ 5. \mathbf{Time}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{and}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Condition}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Collection}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{of}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Facts}: \mathrm{It} \mathrm{should} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{ascertained} \mathrm{before} \mathrm{making} \mathrm{use} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{available} \\ \mathrm{data} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{which} \mathrm{period} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{conditions}, \mathrm{the} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{was} \mathrm{collected}. \\ 6.\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Comparison}: \mathrm{Investigator} \mathrm{should} \mathrm{keep} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{mind} \mathrm{whether} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{secondary} \mathrm{data}\text{'} \mathrm{reasonable}, \mathrm{consistent} \\ \mathrm{and} \mathrm{comparable}. \\ 7. \mathbf{Test}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Checking}: \mathrm{The} \mathrm{use} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{secondary} \mathrm{data} \mathrm{must} \mathrm{do} \mathrm{test} \mathrm{checking} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{see} \mathrm{that} \mathrm{totals} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{rates} \\ \mathrm{have} \mathrm{been} \mathrm{correctly} \mathrm{calculated}. \\ 8. \mathbf{Homogeneous}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{Conditions}: \mathrm{It} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{not} \mathrm{safe} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{take} \mathrm{published} \mathrm{statistics} \mathrm{at} \mathrm{their} \mathrm{face} \mathrm{value} \mathrm{without} \\ \mathrm{knowing} \mathrm{their} \mathrm{means}, \mathrm{values} \mathrm{and} \mathrm{limitations}. \end{gathered}$$

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