Two polariods P1 and P2 are placed with their pass axes perpendicular to each other. Unpolarised light of intensity Io is incident on P1. A third polaroid P3 is kept in between P1 and P2 such that its pass axis makes an angle 450 with that of P1. determine the intensity of light transmitted though P1, P2 and P3.

After passing through P1 , the intensity of light become I1 = Io/2
As angle between Pand P3  is 45o , so after passing through it intensity become
I3=I1cos2ϑ = Io2cos245=Io4
 Now the angle between Pand P2  is 45o , so after passing through it intensity become
I2=I3cos2θ =Io4cos245=Io8

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de focal length would decrease as the refractive index of water is more.so it acts as a diverging lens!

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Intensity through P1, P2, P3 are Io/2 , Io/8 , Io/4 respectively.

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oh m relly sorry!! there is me error wth my connection.... de ans got wrongly posted!! i didnt mean to ans this but nther1!!!!! i am sorry!

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