Two polaroids are placed with their optiic axis perpendicular to each other. One of them is rotated through 45 degrees then what is the intensity of light emerging from the second polaroid if Io is the intensity of the unpolarised light?

Here intensity of unpolarized light is Io
When this light is passes through first polarizer then its intensity becomes Io2
Now the angle between the first polarizer and second polarizer is 450
Thus final intensity becomes I=Io2cos245=Io2×122=I04

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