What are rational numbers? Give examples and explain.

Dear Student,
Answer) The numbers that are in the form of  $\frac{p}{q}$, where p and q are integers and q ≠0, are called rational numbers.

For example: 

Five positive rational numbers:

$\frac{5}{7},\frac{-3}{-4},\frac{7}{8},\frac{-14}{-15},\frac{5}{9}$

Five negative rational numbers:

 $\frac{-3}{7},\frac{-3}{8},\frac{8}{-9},\frac{-19}{25},\frac{8}{-25}$

Also, there is a rational number that is neither positive nor negative, i.e. zero (0).   
Regards!