What are the causes o f pollution? Write different types of pollutants in brief

1.  Emission of harmful gases and chemicals from factories and vehicles into atmosphere leads to air pollution.
2. Discharge of wastes from factories and households into river and other water bodies contaminate water and cause water pollution.
3. Dumping of toxic materials into land, overgrazing, deforestation damages the quality and fertility of land and causes land pollution.
4. Loud sound generated from machinery, vehicles, speakers etc leads to noise pollution.
5. Burning of Fossil Fuels 
6. Agricultural activities 
7. Mining operations 
8. Sewage and waste water 
9. Marine dumping 
10. Accidental Oil leakage​​​​​

Types of Pollutants

1. Oxides of sulphur (like SO₂), nitrogen, carbon monoxide, heavy metals like Pb and Hg in the air and particulate matter are very well known air pollutants. 
2. Water pollutants are Organic pollutants, Pathogens, Nutrients and agriculture runoff, Suspended solids and sediments (organic and inorganic), Inorganic pollutants (salts and metals).