what are the different modes of seed despersal ?

(I) Wind: Some seeds are carried to far-away places by wind. The seeds which are carried by wind can have winged seeds like in drumstick and maple. They can have light seeds like in grasses, or can have hairy seeds like in oak.

(II) Water: Some seeds are dispersed via water. These seeds which are dispersed through water have a tendency to float. They have a spongy or fibrous outer coat such as in coconut, which aids them in floating.

(III) Animals: Some seeds are dispersed with the help of animals. The seeds dispersed by animals have spine or hook-like structures to get attached to the body of the animal, for e.g. Xanthium.

(IV) Other methods of seed dispersal involve sudden bursting of the fruit with a jerk, which results in the scattering of seeds to new places, sometimes a long way from the parent plant. For example, this process occurs in fruits of castor and balsam