What are the functions of SER, RER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, plastids and vacuoles

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Functions of Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) :

• Smooth ER is not associated with ribosomes, it synthesis fats and lipids.
• It takes part in the metabolism of carbohydrates.
• It actively participates in drug detoxification.
• It maintains the calcium ion concentration in the cytosol.

Functions of Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) :

• Rough ER associated with nuclear membrane.
• Its main function is proteins synthesis.
• Most of the lysosomal proteins are produced in the rough ER.
• It transports proteins to various destinations like the plasma membrane.
• This is the major site of glycosylation (addition of carbohydrates in proteins).

Functions of golgi apparatus are:

• It involves the transport of lipids in cells.

• It involves the formation of lysosomes.

• It also takes part in glycosylation and phosphorylation of certain proteins.

  Functions of lysosomes:

• They digest macromolecules by phagocytosis, endocytosis, or autophagy

• They also take part in auto-cell lysis.

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