what are the various factors which contribute to the process of evolution explain each of them - Biology - Evolution

Question

what are the various factors which contribute to the process of
evolution? explain each of them

Ayyagari Ramlal · Accepted Answer

Dear Student,

I Factors affection speciation
are:

1) Geographical
isolation:
Geographical isolation is one of the
factors which may lead to speciation In this a group of individuals
of a species may become geographically isolated from other members
or the species So, both these groups grow in different environment
and hence evolve to form new species Various factors which play an
important role in this type of speciation
are:

Natural selection: It is
a process that results in the increased
survival and reproductive success of individuals, who are well
adjusted to the environment
Genetic drift:
It is
an accidental change in the frequency of genes
in small population

2)
Hybridization:
Hybridization is a process by which a new
type of species come into existence as a result of mating of two
distinct species This process may lead to the existence of new
species which is different from either parents Hence, hybridization
may result in speciation
II Natural selection and genetic drift are the
two factors that lead to the variation in population This variation
can lead to the evolution
III Same two factors which are involved in
evolution i e natural selection and genetic drift are the two
factors for the increase in population of a
species in an area

Also, variations can also be one of the causes for the evolution,
variation can be defined as the changes in the
genetic material or in the alleles of the genes of a population
Variations which are beneficial for the population and help in the
better survival of the population are naturally selected
Accumulation of many such variations result in development of new
species Therefore, variation is the cause for evolution

For example: Let us suppose that a population of bird with long
beaks inhabit a new area In that area, they have food which can be
consumed properly with short beaks Due to certain variations, there
are some birds with short beaks in that population So, in the new
area they will survive better and reproduce more, hence there
number will increase and slowly they will evolve into a new
species

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doubts about the topic

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what are the various factors which contribute to the process of evolution? explain each of them