what could be the reason for uneven distribution of population in india

Density of population of country depends on two major factors and four minor factors. The factors responsible for the uneven distribution of Population in India are :

• Major factors:
  • Physical Factor: (i) Relief, (ii) Climate, (iii) Rivers, (iv) Geographical locations, (v) Soils, (vi) Minerals, (vii) Vegetation.
  • Non-physical Economic Factors: (i) Agriculture, (ii) Industry, (iii) Transport & Communication.
• Minor-Factors: (i) Govt. policies, (it) Historical factors, (iii) Religion factors, (iv) Political factors.

The Physical Factors responsible for Uneven Distribution of Population in India are :

Relief: Relief is a dominant factor in determining the uneven distribution of population in India. Mountains have rugged surface and are covered with thick forest along with harsh climate are not at all suitable for human habitation. But Great Northern plains providing with suitable climate, level land, fertile soil along with knit transport system, is densely populated.

Climate: Climate of a region is existing pressure upon the human settlement. Western part of Rajasthan is sparsely populated because of extreme climatic condition. The Range of Temperature is very high and rainfall is low here. So it is not suitable for human habitation. Just like the desert region, mountainous regions are also not densely populated because of too much cold climate.

River-Systems: Rivers are providing with drinking water, water for irrigation, industrial water, helping navigation, producing hydel power and making land fertile by depositing silt. So the river valley of the world is densely populated.

Geographical location: Geographical location is an important factor in determining the density of population. Srinagar Valley, Delhi, Pune, Nasik all are well-connected by means of roadways or railways. This central location made them populous.

Soils: Soils are the important factor of agriculture. Fertile soil with favorable climate can attract a large number of populations in any part of the world. River valleys which are filled with fertile soils are densely populated. Because earning of living is easy here by means of agriculture.

Minerals: Minerals can exercise a considerable impact upon population distribution provided they are exploited. Because of earning facility, a large number of people flock together in and around the mining region. Thus the Chotonagpur plateau, the Karnataka plateau are densely populated.

Vegetations: Human settlements respond differently to the varieties of natural vegetation—forests, grasslands, marshes and shrubs. Sheep rearing is profitable to the people of high land covered with grass. Whereas people of coniferous forests are engaged in collecting logs from the forests, because these logs are used as raw materials in paper and paper-pulp, rayon, newsprint, plywood and packing box industries. So there is a employment facilities here.

• Relief features::regions nearby rivers and places with fertile plains can be largely populated whereas mountainous regions, where the conditions of weather and cultivation are hard, population will be lower.
• Job opportunities::places with a wide range of occupations can increase the chances of high population(urban areas) whereas places with less scope of well earning job can limit the population living there(rural).
• Proper facilities::places where facilities such as education facilities, sanitation facilities, health care facilities, facilities of security etc are available, chances are more people would shift there. But if the area lacks these facilities, less people would live there

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1. relief
2. climate
3. geographical location
4. soil
5. river system
6. vegetation