What do we mean by plasmid,host organism,alien DNA,palindrome sites and vectors in chapter biotechnology?
Plasmids- These are small, circular extra-chromosomal DNA found in bacterial cells and in some eukaryotes. They can replicate independently. They possess antibiotic resistance genes and other genetic advantages. They are used by scientists for varied purpose such as cloning , transfer of genes etc.
Host organism: It is an organism in which the foriegn gene is inserted to create multiple copies of that gene. Example- E.coli
Alien DNA- It is a foreign DNA which contains desired genes. This DNA is inserted into a plasmid DNA and introduced into a host to get desired results.
Palindrome sites:- These are the sites in DNA which contain sequence of bases that would read the same if its complementary bases are read in both the directions.
Vectors:- These are the agents which transfer information or some substance from one place to another. They can be of two types:-
Host organism: It is an organism in which the foriegn gene is inserted to create multiple copies of that gene. Example- E.coli
Alien DNA- It is a foreign DNA which contains desired genes. This DNA is inserted into a plasmid DNA and introduced into a host to get desired results.
Palindrome sites:- These are the sites in DNA which contain sequence of bases that would read the same if its complementary bases are read in both the directions.
Vectors:- These are the agents which transfer information or some substance from one place to another. They can be of two types:-
- Insect vector: These are mosquitoes that transfer micro-organisms from one place to another.
- Cloning vectors:- These are used to transfer genetic information from one cell to another.