what do you mean by voice?

The voice of a verb represents the relationship between the verb(action) & the subject and object

The voice of a verb represents the rActive Voice

Subject ( doer of the action ) + Verb ( action ) + Object ( receiver of the action )

If the subject is the doer of the action (i.e., the subject is active), then the verb is in the active voice. This voice is used when the doer of the action is to be emphasised.

For example:

Pankaj found the treasure.

Here, ‘Pankaj’ is the subject, while ‘the treasure’ is the object. The doer of the action (‘to find’) is the subject. Hence, the verb is used in the active voice.

Passive Voice

Subject ( receiver of the action ) + BE ( helping verb ) + Verb ( action ) + Object ( doer of the action )

If the subject is the receiver of the action (i.e., the subject is passive), then the verb is in the passive voice. In other words, the object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice. This voice is used when the receiver of the action is to be emphasised.

For example:

The treasure was found by Pankaj.

Here, ‘the treasure’ is the subject, while ‘Pankaj’ is the object. The receiver of the action (‘to find’) is the subject. Hence, the verb is used in the passive voice.

If the subject in the active voice is unknown or indefinite (for example: anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, people), then the passive voice is favoured.

For example:

Anyone can do this work.

(Here, the subject ‘anyone’ is indefinite.)

This work can be done.

(Here, the emphasis is on ‘the work’)

Changes in the verb form from the active voice to the passive voice

When the verb is in the simple present tense

Gagan throws the stone.

The stone is thrown by Gagan.

When the verb is in the present continuous tense

Gagan is throwing the stone.

The stone is being thrown by Gagan.

When the verb is in the present perfect tense

Gagan has thrown the stone.

The stone has been thrown by Gagan.

When the verb is in the simple past tense

Gagan threw the stone.

The stone was thrown by Gagan.

When the verb is in the past continuous tense

Gagan was throwing the stone.

The stone was being thrown by Gagan.

When the verb is in the past perfect tense

Gagan had thrown the stone.

The stone had been thrown by Gagan.

When the verb is in the simple future tense

Gagan will throw the stone.

The stone will be thrown by Gagan.

elationship between the action being described by it