What is a multi-party system? Why has India adopted a multi-party system ?

Dear Student,

When several parties gain reasonable seats and there is a possibility of more than two parties to come together and form a coalition to cross the majority number and form the government, it is called as multi-party system. Multi-party system also means when there is scope for different political parties, individually or collectively to form the government. India has a multi-party system which means there are numerous national parties and regional parties prevalent in India that would address the problems and concern of the general public. All these political parties are recognised by the Election Commission of India (ECI) which grants them symbols for contesting in the elections. The political parties represent different sections of the society addressing their needs with respect to various regions in the country. This is the reasons why India has adopted to a multi-party system. Regional parties are those parties that have influence over one state or a few states. National party is one such party which has its presence over more than four states in the form of elected representatives. Example of regional parties include, Telangana Rashtra Samithi in Telangana, Siromani Akali Dal of Punjab, etc. Examples of national parties include, Bharatiya Janata Party, Indian National Congress, Communist Party of India, etc.
 

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If several parties compete to power, and more than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power either on their own strength or in alliance with others, we call it a multi¬party system.
India has evolved a multi-party system. It is because the social and geographical diversity in such a large country is not easily absorbed by two or even three parties.
The Party system is not something any country can choose. It evolves over a long time depending on the nature of society, its social and regional divisions, its history of politics, and its system of elections.
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