WHAT IS COVALENCY??...explain with a few examples

Covalency is the number of electronpairs an atom can share with other atoms. The total number of orbitals available in the valence shell is known as covalency, whether the orbitals are completely filled or empty . For example, the electronic configuration of Boron (Atomic Number 5) is 1s22s22p1. So, there are only two shells. The secondshell contains one 2s orbitals and three 2p orbitals resulting total four orbitals in second shell. Therefore, Boron is restricted to a maximum covalency of 4 since only four(one s and three p) orbitals are available for bonding.
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Covalency of HNO3
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CARBON DIOXIDE HAS COVALENCY BOND.
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