What is known as shifting cultivation? Why did European foresters consider this practice as harmful for forests?

Solution -
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural practice in which a plot of land was cultivated temporarily and is abandoned to allow vegetation to grow freely while the cultivator moves to another plot.
 
Shifting cultivation has contributed to both positive and negative environmental impacts. On the positive side, its practice reduces intensity of land use and reduces rate of environmental degradation.
Due to following reasons the European foresters think shifting cultivation harmful -
1. Due to frequent cultivation in shifting cultivation the land will not be able to produce timber for railway projects.
2. When a forest was burnt, there was the added danger of the flames spreading and burning valuable timber. 
 

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