What is phrasal verbs?

I can't understand

Phrasal verb is an idiomatic phrase consisting of a verb and another element, either an adverb or a preposition.

Following are various examples of phrasal verbs with their meanings:

• ask someone out: this means to invite on a date. Instance of the same is: Shikhar asked Shashi out to dinner and movie;
• ask around: this means to ask many people the same question. Instance of the same is: I asked around but has seen my kid;
• break in: this means to interrupt. Instance of the same is: The TV station broke in to report the news of the president's death.
• Pass out: this means to faint. Instance of the same is: The old man passed out at the marketplace because of extreme heat.