What is placenta? Describe its structure. State its function incase ofa pregnant human female. Name two areas related to reproductive health which has improved over the past 50 years in our country
Placenta is disk like special tissue developed between the uterus wall and embryo .It nourish the embryo growing in the uterus .It is nutritive tissue that has villi on the embryo side and blood space on the mother's side to perform various functions for nourishment of foetus .
* This provides a large amount of space for the transport of glucose and oxygen from mother's blood to the foetus .
* The faecal matter of baby is removed and sent to mothers blood .
*With the support of umbilical cord ,placenta plays a major part in maintaining the health of the baby .It is nourished in this manner in the mother's womb .
Placenta is the circular organ present in the uterus of pregnant mammals which is required for the nourishment and maintenance of the foetus through the umbilical cord. Placenta has two portions, the fetal portion is known as the villous chorion and the maternal portion is known as decidua basalis. Both these portions are held together by anchoring villi. Placenta has a rich network of blood vessels for proper blood supply and distribution of nutrients.
The areas of improvement are as follows.
(1) Massive child immunization programme, which has lead to a decrease in the infant mortality rate
(2) Maternal and infant mortality rate, which has been decreased drastically due to better post natal care
(3) Family planning, which has motivated people to have smaller families
(4) Use of contraceptive, which has resulted in a decrease in the rate of sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies.
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