what is Resonance? Resonance hybrid?
Plzz explain me it basic concept.
Dear student!
Resonance is the transfer of electrons from a multiple bond or a lone pair of electrons from an atom to another atom or to an adjacent single covalent bond. It is is a way to describe the de localization of electrons within a certain molecule or polyatomic ions where the molecule or ion is expressed as a hybrid of several contributing structures known as resonance structures or canonical structures. The resultant structure obtained is called as the resonance hybrid.
The resonance hybrid obtained has more stability than the other forms because, it has delocalized electrons. the energy of de localization increases with increase in resonating structure which makes the molecule more stable.
When a single molecule is represented in more than one form with comparable energies due to the resonance ,then these different forms are called as resonating structures or canonical forms.
- All these structures are inter convertible i.e.,they may shift from one form to another form but none of them can explain the full nature and structure of molecule, however , each of them explains some properties of the molecule.
- These structures are represented with a double headed arrow as ;↔ but the complete structure is a hybrid of all these structures called as a resonance hybrid.
- These structures arise because, in some molecule, the simple Lewis structure is not sufficient to explain all the properties, and so the bonded electrons are shifted in different manners to produce the corresponding canonical structures
Ex: in case of Ozone molecule (O3);
It occurs in two canonical structures which make a hybrid as:
