what is the difference between red phosphorus and white phosphorus?

Red P and White P are allotropes of  phosphorous.

They differ in their physical properties :

1) White P has 4 atoms linked in a tetrahedral shape and in Red P  has two tetrahedral group attached to one another and thus it is a more stable than white P .     

 

2)White P is stable below 125ºC and Red P is stable above 125ºC .

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No both red and white phosphorus have same symbol P because both are allotropes of phosphorus which means they have same atomic number,mass , chemical properties etc, but they differ in physical properties such as boiling temperature, melting temperature, solubility etcWhite phosphorus is obtained by roasting Calcium phosphate rocks and then reducing them using silicaWhite phosphorus reacts with air vigorously that is it burns instantly in presence of oxygen and show phophorescence property ( it emits bright luminous green light in dark in prsence of small amount of oxygen ) , hence it is stable below 125'C and red phosphorus is stable above 125'C. If you heat white phosphorus upto 125'C in absence of air you get red phosphorus.White phosphorus has 4 atoms of P linked in tetrahedral shape, where as red phosphorus have amorphous network arrangement hence red phosphorus is more stable.White P is soluble in carbon di sulfide and small amount in water, but red P is not soluble in both water and carbon disulfide.white P is used in explosives, match boxes, incendiaries, bullets etcThere are other allotrophes of Phosphorus look up in wikipedia with keyword "Allotrophes of Phosphorus", there are violet, black, di phosphorus etchope i was helpful

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Elemental phosphorus exists in many allotropic forms. White phosphorus is used in rodent poison and by the military for smoke generation. Red phosphorus, comparatively harmless, is used in matches. Ferrophosphorus, a combination of phosphorus with iron, is used as an ingredient in high-strength low-alloy steel. In addition, the many organic compounds of phosphorus have varied uses, including those as additives for gasoline and lubricating oil, as plasticizers for plastics that otherwise would be inconveniently rigid, and, in some cases, as powerful insecticides, related to nerve poisons.

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