what is the principle of vaccination?how vaccine prevent us from a disease?

Dear Student,

Vaccination may be defined as protection of the body from communicable diseases by the administration of some agents that mimic the microbe. The agent can be a suspension of killed or attenuated microbes, or a substance that mimics the disease-causing microbes. This is known as a vaccine. Vaccination is based on specific ways of defence provided by the immune system of a person. For example, we know that if a child has suffered from small pox once, then there is almost no chance of him suffering from it again. This happens because when the immune system of the body encounters a virus for the first time, it reacts against it and remembers it.  Therefore, when small pox virus attacks the body for a second time, the immune system reacts strongly to prevent chances of suffering from the disease again.Therefore, it can be concluded that if we infect the body of a person with something that mimics the microbe, then the immune system will remember it, and prevent the actual disease-causing microbe from causing any disease. It forms the basis of vaccination.

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