The ideal gas equation is just the combination of three gas laws - Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Avogadro's principle.
Boyle's law states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional to each other;
P α 1/V
therefore, PV = constant.
Charles's law states that volume and temperature are directly proportional to each other;
V α T
therefore, (V/T) = constant.
Avogadro's principle states that volume and number of moles (n) are directly proportional to each other;
V α n
therefore, (V/n) = constant.
Combining these three equations, we get
PV / nT = constant
P =The gas constant is R; therefore,
PV / nT = R
We can rewrite the equation to this form:
PV = nRT
- 2
A gas that would obey Boyle’s , Charle’s law and Avogadro’s law under the conditions of temperature and pressure is called an ideal gas.
Here, we combine four measurable variables P, V, T and n to give a single equation.
V ∝ n [P, T constant]
Avogadro’s law
V ∝ T [n, P constant]
Charle’s law
V ∝ 1/P [n, T constant]
Boyle’s law
The combined gas law can be written as
V ∝ nT / p
or pV ∝ nT
pV = nRT
This is called ideal gas equation
where R is the constant of proportionality or universal gas constant
The value of R was found out to be
R = 8.314 J mol–1 K–1
R = 0.0821 litre atm K–1 mol–1
R = 2 cal K–1 mol–1
- 2
Boyle's law states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional to each other;?
P ? 1/V?
therefore, PV = constant.
Charles's law states that volume and temperature are directly proportional to each other;?
V ? T?
therefore, (V/T) = constant.
Avogadro's principle states that volume and number of moles (n) are directly proportional to each other;?
V ? n?
therefore, (V/n) = constant.
Combining these three equations, we get
PV / nT = constant
P =The gas constant is R; therefore,
PV / nT = R
We can rewrite the equation to this form:
PV = nRT
- -1