when complex compound is given(in its molecular formula),how will be able to find out what type of isomerism it exhibits.
pls explain th evarious types in detail with examples!!
Tnx!! :)
When two or more different compounds having the same molecular formula, They are called isomers.
Two types of isomerism are known among coordination compounds. Each of which can be further subdivided.
1. Stereoisomerism.
a) Geometrical isomerism , b) Optical isomerism
2. Structural Isomerism.
a) Coordination isomerism, b) Ionisation isomerism , c) Hydrate isomerism , d) Linkage isomerism.
The table shown below cover most of the stereoisomers in coordination compounds. You just identify the type of complex and can write down the structure of isomers.
The structural isomers are very few and specific and can be easily recognised. Try to understand it by yourself and get back in case of queries.
| Type of isomerism | Type of complex | Number of isomers | Examples |
| Geometrical isomerism (cis- trans) | Square planar Ma2b2 | 2 (cis and trans) |  |
| Geometrical isomerism (cis-trans) | Square planar Mabcd | 3(cis and trans) | |
| Geometrical isomerism (cis-trans) | Octahedral complex Ma4b2 |
2 (cis and trans) | |
| Geometrical (fac and mer) | Octahedral complex Ma3b3 |
2 (fac and mer) | |
| Geometrical isomerism (cis-trans) | Octahedral complex MAA2b2 ​Here AA is bidentate ligand |
2 (cis and trans) | |
| Geometrical isomerism (cis-trans) | octahedral complex Mabcdef |
15(cis and trans) | |
| Optical isomerism | octahedral complex Ma2b2c2 |
2(d and l) |  |
| optical isomerism | Octahedral complex Mabcdef | 2(d and l) |  |
| optical isomerism | Octahedral complex [M(A-A) 3] | 3(d,l and meso) |  |
| optical isomerism | octahedral complex [M(A-A)2X2] | 2(d and l) |  |
| optical isomerism | octahedral complex [M(A-A)2BC]n+ | 2(d and l) |  |
| optical isomerism | octahedral complex [M(A-A)B2CD] | 6 |  |