Why has the water maximum density at 273.15 K n not at sum other point?
Dear Student,
Water has maximum density at 277 K i.e. 4º C and not 273.15 K. Maximum density is obtained only at this temperature and not other temperatures because if the temperature is lowered, the water will solidify and form ice. Ice has greater hydrogen bonds as hydrogen bonds become stronger with decrease in temperature. Now, these hydrogen bonds forms a open cage like structure which has empty spaces between it. This increases the volume of ice and thus, decreases its density. If temperature is increased, then the hydrogen bonds starts to break which decreases the volume and thus increases the density. This maximum density temperature is 277 K. After this temperature, intermolecular repulsion increases which further increases the volume and thus decreases the density.
Water has maximum density at 277 K i.e. 4º C and not 273.15 K. Maximum density is obtained only at this temperature and not other temperatures because if the temperature is lowered, the water will solidify and form ice. Ice has greater hydrogen bonds as hydrogen bonds become stronger with decrease in temperature. Now, these hydrogen bonds forms a open cage like structure which has empty spaces between it. This increases the volume of ice and thus, decreases its density. If temperature is increased, then the hydrogen bonds starts to break which decreases the volume and thus increases the density. This maximum density temperature is 277 K. After this temperature, intermolecular repulsion increases which further increases the volume and thus decreases the density.