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why p-nitrophenol is more acidic than o-nitrophenol?

 

In p-nitrophenol there is intermolecular hydrogen bonding whereas in o-nitrophenol there is intramolecular hydrogen bonding; as intermolecular hydrogen bonding is stronger, the electron density in the hydrogen attached to the oxygen is pulled by the oxygen of another molecule and hence that hydrogen becomes more acidic (note that if a hydrogen attached to a molecule is more acidic the molecule is said to be more acidic)

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sir if inter-molecular h-bonding is more strong then nitrogen cannot let hydrogen to go(in case of p-nitrophenol) and thus acidic nature decreases automatically

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p-nitrophenol is more acidic than o-nitrophenol, which is more acidic than m-nitrophenol. The o- and p- nitrophenolate conjugate bases are more stable than the m-nitrophenolate, because the negative charge can be delocalized onto the nitro group, which is not possible with the meta. The ortho nitrophenol is less acidic than the para, because the -OH group in the meta- compound can form a hydrogen bond to the adjacent nitro group, which stabilizes it (makes it harder for the H+ to leave).
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In the p-nitrophenol the group are very far 2 and 4 pogisan and in the p- nitrophenol so near becouse nitrophenol.
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