Writean essay on `work’. Focus on both the range of occupations,which exist and how they change.

Workmeans carrying out activities that require expenditure of mental andphysical effort and can be paid or unpaid. It has the objective ofproduction of goods and services that cater to human needs. Mainly,paid work is considered as real work and paid workers are referred toas being employed.

Thereare two types of occupations, namely informal and formal.

Theinformal employment is found in the unorganised sector of thesociety, whereas the formal employment is found in the organisedsector of the society.

Informalemployment is mostly unrecorded and the workers are not paid on aregular basis. Also, the payment is made either in terms of money oras goods or services.

Informalemployment mostly includes physical work, whereas in the formalemployment both physical and mental work is involved. Also, workersare paid a regular salary in terms of money.

Beforeindustrialisation, in traditional societies, the work was performedin house itself. This formed the informal employment. However, afterindustrialisation, with the advancement of technology, work shiftedfrom home to factories and offices, forming the formal sector ofemployment.

Theseoccupations change gradually. For instance, as the variety of workexpanded and became complicated, it led to a specialised division oflabour. Human labour was replaced by machines and Industrialisationbroke down processes into simple operations that could be preciselytimed, organised and monitored.

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