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CBSE Class 11 Chemistry: Important Topics and Tips for Final Exams
Meritnation|Feb 18th, 2016 01:09pm
Students your final exams are just around the corner. Students are busy with their last minute revisions and trying to get the most out of their study hours these days.
But you do not need to panic as out the team of experts at Meritnation has come up with some great insights into each chapter for your Chemistry exam. These key revision points and quick tips will help you prepare intelligently for the exams. Even if you have left out certain chapters for last minute preparations or revisions, these tips will help you get through them better.
Chapter 1 : Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Important Topics:
1. Classification of matter
2. SI unit of various physical quantities
3. Scientific notations and mathematical operations
4. Significant figures (precision and accuracy)
5. Dimensional analysis
6. Laws of chemical combination and Dalton’s theory
7. Atomic and molecular masses
8. Mole concept and molar masses
9. Empirical formula
10. Percentage composition
11. Limiting reagents
12. Different formulae to express volume of solution
a) Mass percentage
b) Mole fraction
c) Molarity
d) Molality
| MERITNATION TIPS: Excelling in exams holds great importance for students, and the key to that is practice. This chapter needs practise of lots of questions to develop a clear understanding of the concepts. Also learn all SI units of various physical quantities given in chapter. |
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES: Revision Notes | Sample Papers | Textbook Solutions | Ask & Answer
Chapter 2 : Structure of Atom
Important Topics:
1. Discovery and nature of sub-atomic particles
2. Models of atom: Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr
3. Models of atom: Merits and demerits
4. Dual nature of electromagnetic radiations
5. Planck’s quantum theory
6. Photoelectric effect and black body radiations
7. Atomic number and mass number
8. Isotopes and Isobars
9. Atomic spectra (Emission and Absorption spectra)
10. Line spectrum of hydrogen and its explanation
11. Orbitals and quantum numbers
12. Shape and energy of atomic orbitals
13. Principles followed for filling of orbitals in atom
a) Aufbau principle
b) Pauli exclusion principles
c) Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity
14. Electronic Configuration of Atoms
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Understand Bohr’s atomic model clearly as it is important from exam point of view. b) Understand and learn three principles followed for filling of electrons in different orbitals. c) Practise is very important to score good. |
Chapter 3 : Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Important Topics:
1. Earlier attempts to classify elements
2. Mendeleev’s periodic table
3. Modern periodic law
4. Long form of periodic table
5. Groupwise electronic configuration
6. Periodic trends in following properties of elements
a) Atomic radius
b) Ionic radius
c) Ionization enthalpy
d) Electron gain enthalpy
e) Electronegativity
f) Oxidation states
g) Anomalous behaviour of second period elements
| MERITNATION TIPS: Many reasoning based can be asked from this chapter, to attempt them clearly understand all trends in periodic properties. |
Chapter 4 : Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Important Topics:
1. Octet rule and its limitations
2. Covalent bond
3. Steps to write lewis structure
4. Formula for formal charge
5. Ionic or electrovalent bond
6. Lattice enthalpy
7. Bond parameters
8. Resonating structures
9. Polarity of bonds
10. VSEPR theory
11. Valence bond theory
12. Types of hybridisation
13. Molecular orbital theory
14. Hydrogen bonding and its types
| MERITNATION TIPS: From this chapter question on prediction of structure, shape and geometry are very common. Understand all the rules of VSEPR theory clearly to attempt the questions. Also understand the difference between geometry and shape, read the question carefully and then answer. |
Chapter 5 : States of Matter
Important Topics:
1. Intermolecular forces
a) Dispersion forces or London forces
b) Dipole-dipole forces
c) Dipole-Induced dipole forces
d) Hydrogen bond
2. Gas laws
a) Boyle’s law
b) Charles’ law
c) Gay Lussac’s law
d) Avogadro law
3. Ideal gas equation
4. Dalton’s law of partial pressure
5. Postulates of kinetic molecular theory of gases
6. Behaviour of real gases
7. Liquefaction of gases
8. Liquid state
a) Vapour pressure
b) Surface tension
c) Viscosity
| MERITNATION TIPS: Graphs are very important part of this chapters. Understand and learn graphs of all gas laws and graphs to show deviation from ideal behaviour of gas. Practise lots of question on gas laws and ideal gas equation to excel the topic. |
Chapter 6 : Thermodynamics
Important Topics:
1. Types of system
2. Thermodynamics properties
3. Internal energy and factors which changes internal energy
4. First law of thermodynamics and its application
5. Enthalpy, H
6. Extensive and Intensive properties
7. Cp and Cv and relation between them for real gas
8. Internal energy and enthalpy measurements
9. Enthalpy of reaction, phase transformation and formation
10. Enthalpies of different types of reactions
11. Thermochemical equations
12. Spontaneity and Entropy
13. Gibbs energy change
| MERITNATION TIPS: This chapter includes various important expressions and formulae, best way to learn is to make your own notes topic wise by writing important formulae and revising repeatedly. Practise is very important for this chapter, do lots of numericals before exams. |
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES: Revision Notes | Sample Papers | Textbook Solutions | Ask & Answer
Chapter 7 : Equilibrium
Important Topics:
1. Chemical and ionic equilibrium
2. Equilibrium in physical processes
a) Solid-liquid equilibrium
b) Liquid-vapour equilibrium
c) Solid-vapour equilibrium
d) Equilibrium involving dissolution of solids or gases in liquid
3. Characteristics of Equilibria Involving Physical Processes
4. Equilibrium in chemical processes
5. Equilibrium constant and its applications
6. Equilibrium constant in gaseous systems
7. Factors affecting equilibria
a) Le Chatelier’s principle
8. Ionic equilibrium in solution
9. Acids, bases and salts
a) Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases
b) The Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
c) Lewis Acids and Bases
10. Dissociation or ionization constant calculations
11. Factors affecting acidic strength
12. Hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions
13. Buffer solution
14. Solubility product (Ksp)
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Practice lots of question on equilibrium constant, dissociation constant and Ksp. b) Summary of Le Chatelier’s principle  |
Chapter 8 : Redox reactions
Important topics:
1. Concept of oxidation, reduction, oxidising agent and reducing agent
2. Oxidation number: Definition, notations and application
3. Types of redox reactions
4. Methods for balancing redox reactions
5. Electrode potential
6. Electrochemical series
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Understand all the rules of oxidation number and practice questions of determination of oxidation state and writing stock notations for the same b) Solve all the questions on balancing of redox reactions given in NCERT textbook. c) Understand how reactions compete with each other with the help of reactivity series. |
Chapter 9 : Hydrogen
Important Topics:
1. Isotopes of hydrogen
2. Dihydrogen: Preparation, properties and uses
3. Hydrides and its three types
4. Difference between structures of ice and water
5. Chemical properties of water
6. Hard and soft water: Definition and methods of removal
7. H2O2: Preparation, structure and properties
8. Use of dihydrogen as an efficient fuel
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Go through previous year question papers and focus more on repeatedly asked questions. b) In the topic dihydrogen, understand and learn the reactions, focus more on syn gas and chemical reactions. c) Learn short notes on hydrides and type of hydrides d) Understand the difference between structures of ice and water e) Focus on short notes and chemical reactions throughout the chapter to score good. |
Chapter 10 : The s-block elements
Important Topics:
1. Alkali metals: Atomic. physical properties, chemical properties and characteristics
2. Anomalous behaviour of lithium
3. Diagonal relationship between lithium and magnesium
4. Short notes on the compounds mentioned under topic ‘some important compounds of sodium’
5. Sodium-potassium pump
6. Alkaline earth metals: Atomic. physical properties, chemical properties and characteristics
7. Anomalous behaviour of beryllium
8. Diagonal relationship between beryllium and aluminium
9. Short notes on the compounds mentioned under topic ‘some important compounds of calcium’
10. Short note on biological importance of magnesium and calcium
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Go through previous year question papers and focus more on repeatedly asked questions. b) Do go through the NCERT in-text problems. c) Read and make short notes on topics like biological importance and some important compounds mentioned in the chapter. d) In alkali metals, more important chemical equations are reactivity towards air and solutions in liquid ammonia. e) In alkaline earth metals, more important chemical equations are reaction with halogens and solutions in liquid ammonia f) Learn structure of BeCl2 g) Focus on short notes and chemical reactions throughout the chapter to score good. |
Chapter 11 : The p-block elements
Important Topics:
1. General properties of p-block elements esp. oxidation state
2. Group 13: Boron family
a) Trends of atomic properties mentioned in the chapter
b) Chemical properties Focus on trends in atomic properties and electron deficiency of boron, structure of AlCl3 and their reaction with alkali
c) Anomalous behaviour of boron
d) Short notes on the compounds mentioned under topic ‘some important compounds of Boron’ esp. structure and reactions of diborane and boric acid
3. Group 14: Carbon family
a) Trends of atomic properties mentioned in the chapter
b) Chemical properties esp hydrolysis of tetrachlorides
c) Anomalous behaviour of carbon
d) Allotropes of carbon: Types, structure and distinction between diamond and graphite
e) Short notes on the compounds mentioned under topic ‘some important compounds of carbon’ focussing on their preparation and adverse effects
f) Short notes on the compounds mentioned under topic ‘some important compounds of silicon’ focussing on structure of silicon dioxide, preparation of silicones and how to restrict chain length while its preparation.
g) Short notes on silicates and zeolites
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Go through previous year question papers and focus more on repeatedly asked questions. b) Focus on structures, reasoning questions and short notes throughout the chapter c) Do emphasise on NCERT in-text problem |
Chapter 12 : Organic chemistry-Some basic principles and techniques
Important Topics:
1. Shape, hybridisation and structure representation of carbon compounds
2. Classification of organic compounds focusing on the concepts revolving around aromaticity
3. Nomenclature and isomerism of organic compounds
4. Homolytic and heterolytic cleavage
5. Nucleophile and electrophile
6. Electron displacement effects
7. Purification of organic compounds esp. focussing on types of chromatography and distillation and its types
8. Qualitative analysis of organic compounds esp. focussing on numericals and short notes
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Practice is the key for scoring in this chapter. Practice at least all the NCERT textbook questions of structure representation and nomenclature. b) Understand how organic compounds are classified and do practice questions for the same. c) Emphasize on NCERT in-text problems d) Go through types of isomerism and understand and learn their definition and examples e) Be thorough with electron displacement effects given in the chapter. f) Do short notes from the following topics: Purification of organic compounds and qualitative analysis of organic compounds g) Do numericals from NCERT textbook. |
Chapter 13 : Hydrocarbons
Important Topics:
1. Aliphatic hydrocarbon:
Alkanes, alkenes and alkynes:
a) Nomenclature and isomerism
b) Methods of preparation
c) Chemical properties
d) Conformations of alkanes
2. Aromatic hydrocarbons:
a) Nomenclature and isomerism
b) Huckel rule
c) Benzene: Structure, preparation and chemical reactions
d) Functional groups and their directive influence in monosubstituted benzene
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Go through previous year question papers and focus more on repeatedly asked questions. b) In alkanes, focus more on name reactions, mechanism of halogenation and conformers of alkane. c) In alkenes, focus on geometrical isomerism, β-elimination reactions and all the chemical reactions mentioned in NCERT textbook. d) In alkynes, focus on acidic character, action of alcoholic KOH, addition reactions and chain polymerisation. e) Focus on name reactions, mechanisms, conversions and chemical reactions throughout the chapter. |
Chapter 14 : Environmental chemistry
Important Topics:
1. Air Pollution
a) Short notes on gaseous pollutants namely oxides of carbon and oxides of nitrogen
b) Greenhouse effect
c) Global warning
d) Acid rain
e) Smog
f) Photochemical smog: Definition, formation, adverse effects and effective control
g) Ozone: Formation, breakdown, ozone hole and depletion of ozone layer
2. Water Pollution
a) Causes of water pollution
b) BOD
c) Eutrophication
d) Portable water and international standards of drinking water
3. Soil Pollution
a) Causes of soil pollution
4. Wastes and its management: Focus on collection and disposal of wastes
5. Short note on green chemistry
| MERITNATION TIPS: a) Go through previous year question papers and focus more on repeatedly asked questions. b) Focus on short notes throughout the chapter. c) Write equations wherever you can. |
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES: Revision Notes | Sample Papers | Textbook Solutions | Ask & Answer
All the best with your revisions and exams!
Please take a moment to spread these tips with your friends. After all, Knowledge is the only thing that grows when shared! 🙂
Add Comment Total Comments (20)
1. Aliya husain | February 25th, 2019 at 7:51 pm
Thanks… It’s very useful for me..
2. Aliya husain | February 25th, 2019 at 7:49 pm
Thanks.. it’s very useful for me
3. Tripti | February 4th, 2019 at 8:33 pm
ye bhut bhut jyada acha h……. very helpful also…..
Thanks….
4. Anandhasivam | January 28th, 2019 at 7:46 pm
It’s fine and helpful for me
5. gurjugad | January 14th, 2019 at 4:35 pm
Are you also having same topic list for physics
6. PRIYA CHAUDHARY | February 27th, 2018 at 8:19 pm
thank u meritnation team.
Its very useful for me
7. Siddddd | April 1st, 2017 at 10:08 pm
Verry^100Xn good
8. A.Nethra Krupa | March 9th, 2017 at 8:38 am
Excellent work by experts of meritnation, as a premium member of meritnation i so glad.This is very helpful for the preparation of xam.
9. Meritnation | March 8th, 2017 at 4:36 pm
Hi Yoona,
Yes it is! 🙂 All the Best!
Team Meritnation
10. Yoona | March 7th, 2017 at 8:00 pm
Is it really true??
11. Ankit | February 17th, 2017 at 7:24 pm
Is that really important???????
12. Sanjana kardam | February 7th, 2017 at 6:27 pm
All the topics are here nothing left…but thanks for give guidance.. ..
13. gurjugad | January 14th, 2019 at 4:34 pm
But I want only know how much Mark’s can I score.
14. Meritnation | February 1st, 2017 at 11:56 am
Hi Royal,
It all depends on your preparation. All mentioned topics are extremely crucial from exam point of view. We wish you all the best!
Team Meritnation
15. Royal | February 1st, 2017 at 11:11 am
How much I scored if I only do this topics of all chapters
16. KAUSHAL KR. MISHRA | December 8th, 2016 at 4:18 pm
Really very helpfull site
17. priya | November 28th, 2016 at 9:52 am
It is very useful for me
18. saloni | June 24th, 2016 at 7:49 pm
Its Awosome!!!!!!!!! very useful for me.
19. jiyana | February 28th, 2016 at 8:19 am
We have to study the entire ncert book in short!
20. Mike Randall | February 18th, 2016 at 9:16 pm
But my Chemistry Exam is already over.
Comment