Board Paper of Class 12-Science 2010 Chemistry (SET 3) - Solutions
General Instructions:
(i) All questions are compulsory
(ii) Question numbers 1 to 8 are very short-answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
(iii) Question numbers 9 to 18 are short-answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
(iv) Question numbers 19 to 27 are also short-answer questions and carry 3 marks.
(v) Question numbers 28 to 30 are long-answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
(vi) Use Log Tables, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.
- Question 1
Which
point defect in crystals of a solid decreases the density of the
solid?
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 7
A solution
of KOH hydrolyses CH3CHClCH2CH3
and CH3CH2CH2Cl. Which one of
these is more easily hydrolysed?
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 8
Draw the
structural formula of 1-phenylpropan-1-one molecule.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 9
Draw the structures of white phosphorus and red phosphorus. Which one of these two types of phosphorus is more reactive and why?
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 10
The rate
constant for a reaction of zero order in A is 0.0030 mol L−1
s−1. How long will it take for the initial
concentration of A to fall from 0.10 M to 0.075 M?
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 11
A reaction
is of first order in reactant A and of second order in reactant Β.
How is the rate of this reaction affected when (i) the concentration
of B alone is increased to three times (ii) the concentrations of A
as well as B are doubled?
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 12
Non-ideal
solutions exhibit either positive or negative deviations from
Raoult’s law. What are these deviations and why are they
caused? Explain with one example for each type.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 13
Explain
the following observations:
(i)
Transition elements generally form coloured compounds.
(ii)
Zinc is not regarded as a transition element.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 14
How are
the following conversions carried out?
(i)
Benzyl chloride to benzyl alcohol,
(ii)
Methyl magnesium bromide to 2-methylpropan-2-ol
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 15
Illustrate
the following reactions giving a chemical equation for each:
(i)
Kolbe’s reaction,
(ii)
Williamson synthesis.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 16
Explain
the following terms:
(i)
Invert sugar
(ii)
Polypeptides
OR
Name the
products of hydrolysis of sucrose. Why is sucrose not a reducing
sugar?
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 17
Name the
following coordination compounds according to IUPAC system of
nomenclature:
(i)
[Co(NH3)4 (H2O)Cl] Cl2
(ii) [CrCl2
(en)2] Cl, (en = ethane − 1, 2 −
diamine)
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 18
State
clearly what are known as nucleosides and nucleotides.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 19
The density of copper metal is 8.95 g cm−3. If the radius of copper atom is 127.8 pm, is the copper unit cell a simple cubic, a body-centred cubic or a face centred cubic structure? (Given: At. Mass of Cu = 63.54 g mol−1 and NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol−1)
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 20
How are the following colloids different from each other in respect of their dispersion medium and dispersed phase? Give one example of each.
(i) Aerosol
(ii) Emulsion
(iii) Hydrosol
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 21
A solution
prepared by dissolving 1.25 g of oil of winter green (methyl
salicylate) in 99.0 g of benzene has a boiling point of 80.31 °C.
Determine the molar mass of this compound. (B.P. of pure benzene =
80.10 °C and Kb
for benzene = 2.53 °C kg
mol−1)
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 22
Describe
how the following changes are brought about:
(i)
Pig iron into steel
(ii)
Zinc oxide into metallic zinc
(iii)
Impure titanium into pure titanium.
OR
Describe
the role of
(i)
NaCN in the extraction of gold from gold ore.
(ii)
SiO2 in the extraction of copper from copper matte.
(iii)
Iodine in the refining of zirconium.
Write
chemical equations for the involved reactions.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 23
(i)
State oneuseeach of DDT and iodoform.
(ii)
Which compound in the following couples will react faster in SN2
displacement and why?
(a)
1-Bromopentane or 2-bromopentane
(b)
1-bromo-2-methylbutane or 2-bromo-2-methylbutane.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 24
How would
you account for the following?
(i)
The atomic radii of the metals of the third (5d) series of transition
elements are virtually the same as those of the corresponding members
of the second (4d) series.
(ii)
The E° Value for
the Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than
that for Cr3+/Cr2+ couple or Fe3+/Fe2+
couple.
(iii)
The highest oxidation state of a metal is exhibited in its oxide or
fluoride.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 25
In the
following cases rearrange the compounds as directed:
(i)
In an increasing order of basic strength:
C6H5NH2,C6H5
N (CH3)2, (C2H5)2
NH and CH3NH2
(ii)
In a decreasing order of basic strength:
Aniline,
p-nitroaniline and p-toluidine
(iii)
In an increasing order of pKb values:
C2H5NH2,
C6H5 NHCH3, (C2H5)2
NH and C6H5NH2
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 26
Differentiate
between thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Give one example of
each.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 27
Explain
the following terms with one suitable example in each case.
(i)
Cationic detergents
(ii)
Enzymes
(iii)
Antifertility drugs
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 28
(a) Explain the mechanism of a nuclophilic attack on the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or a ketone.
(b) An organic compound (A) (molecular formula C8H16O2) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid also produced (B). On dehydration (C) gives but-1-ene. Write the equations for the reactions involved.
OR
(a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:
(i) Ethanal and Propanal
(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid
(b) How will you bring about the following conversions?
(i) Benzoic acid to benzaldehyde
(ii) Ethanal to but-2-enal
(iii) Propanone to propene
Give complete reaction in each case.
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 29
(a)
State Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions. Write an
expression for the molar conductivity of acetic acid at infinite
dilution according to Kohlrausch law.
(b)
Calcualte
for
acetic acid.
Given that
(HCl)
= 426 S cm2 mol−1
(NaCl) = 126 S cm2 mol−1
(CH3COONa) = 91 S cm2 mol−1
OR
(a)
Write the anode and cathode reactions and the overall reaction
occurring in a lead storage battery.
(b)
A copper-silver cell is set up. The copper ion concentration is 0.10
M. The concentration of silver ion is not known. The cell potential
when measured was 0.422 V. Determine the concentration of silver ions
in the cell. (Given)
VIEW SOLUTION
- Question 30
(a)
Complete the following chemical equations:
(b) How
would you account for the following?
(i)
The value of electron gain enthalpy with negative sign for sulphur is
higher than that for oxygen.
(ii)
NF3 is an exothermic compound but NCl3
is endothermic compound.
(iii)
ClF3 molecule has a T-shaped structure and not a
trigonal planar one.
OR
(a)
Complete the following chemical reaction equations:
(i) P4
+ SO2Cl2 →
(ii)
XeF4 + H2O →
(b)
Explain the following observations giving appropriate reasons:
(i)
The stability of + 5 oxidation state decreases down the group in
group 15 of the periodic table.
(ii)
Solid phosphorus pentachloride behaves as an ionic compound.
(iii)
Halogens are strong oxidizing agents.
VIEW SOLUTION