Science Ncert Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. These solutions for Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources are extremely popular among class 10 students for Science Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources Solutions come handy for quickly completing your homework and preparing for exams. All questions and answers from the Science Ncert Exemplar Book of class 10 Science Chapter 16 are provided here for you for free. You will also love the ad-free experience on Meritnation’s Science Ncert Exemplar Solutions. All Science Ncert Exemplar Solutions for class 10 Science are prepared by experts and are 100% accurate.
Page No 111:
Question 1:
From the list given below pick the item that is not a natural resource
(a) Soil
(b) Water
(c) Electricity
(d) Air
Answer:
Electricity is a form of energy produced by humans mechanistically from different natural resources and it is not present in nature as such.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 111:
Question 2:
The most rapidly dwindling natural resource in the world is
(a) water
(b) forests
(c) wind
(d) sunlight
Answer:
Forests are rapidly decreasing due to over-exploitation by industries dependent on them.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 111:
Question 3:
The most appropriate definition of a natural resource is that it is a substance/commodity that is
(a) present only on land
(b) a gift of nature which is very useful to mankind
(c) a man-made substance placed in nature
(d) available only in the forest
Answer:
Natural resource is a substance present in any part of nature and can be used by humans for their daily needs.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 111:
Question 4:
The main cause for abundant coliform bacteria in the river Ganga is
(a) disposal of unburnt corpses into water
(b) discharge of effluents from electroplating industries
(c) washing of clothes
(d) immersion of ashes
Answer:
Coliform is a group of bacteria present in human excreta. Thus, the disposal of unburnt corpses into water is the main source of this group of bacteria in the river Ganga.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Page No 111:
Question 5:
The pH of water sample collected from a river was found to be acidic in the range of 3.5 – 4.5, on the banks of the river were several factories that were discharging effluents into the river. The effluents of which one of the following factories is the most likely cause for lowering the pH of river water?
(a) Soap and detergent factory
(b) Lead battery manufacturing factory
(c) Plastic cup manufacturing factory
(d) Alcohol distillery
Answer:
Lead battery manufacturing factory produces sulphuric acid as an effluent to be discharged into the river. So, this factory will most likely cause the pH of water to become acidic.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 112:
Question 6:
The pH range most conducive for life of fresh water plants and animals is
(a) 6.5 – 7.5
(b) 2.0 – 3.5
(c) 3.5 – 5.0
(d) 9.0 – 10.5
Answer:
The life of fresh water plants and animals is most suitable in neutral water i.e. in the pH range 6.5 – 7.5.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Page No 112:
Question 7:
The three R’s that will help us to conserve natural resources for long term use are
(a) recycle, regenerate, reuse
(b) reduce, regenerate, reuse
(c) reduce, reuse, redistribute
(d) reduce, recycle, reuse
Answer:
The three R's to conserve natural resources are reduce, recycle, reuse.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Page No 112:
Question 8:
Given below are a few statements related to biodiversity. Pick those that correctly describe the concept of biodiversity
(i) Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area
(ii) Biodiversity refers to only the flora of a given area
(iii) Biodiversity is greater in a forest
(iv) Biodiversity refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species living in an area
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Answer:
Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area and is greater in a forest because forest is a biodiversity hotspot. So, statements (i) and (iii) are correct.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 112:
Question 9:
Among the statements given below select the ones that correctly describe the concept of sustainable development
(i) Planned growth with minimum damage to the environment
(ii) Growth irrespective of the extent of damage caused to the environment
(iii) Stopping all developmental work to conserve the environment
(iv) Growth that is acceptable to all the stakeholders
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (iii) only
Answer:
Sustainable development is a form of development which involves planned growth for economic development of all stakeholders and at the same time, minimum damage should be caused to the environment. Thus, growth in present should not deplete the resources meant for future generation. So, statements (i) and (iv) are correct.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Page No 112:
Question 10:
In our country, vast tracts of forests are cleared and a single species of plant is cultivated. This practice promotes
(a) biodiversity in the area
(b) monoculture in the area
(c) growth of natural forest
(d) preserves the natural ecosystem in the area
Answer:
The cultivation of single species of plant is called monoculture. The clearing of vast tracts of forests for this practice destroys the biodiversity of that area and disturbs the natural ecosystem.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 113:
Question 11:
A successful forest conservation strategy should involve
(a) protection of animals at the highest trophic level
(b) protection of only consumers
(c) protection of only herbivores
(d) comprehensive program to protect all the physical and biological components
Answer:
The conservation of all the physical and biological components of an ecosystem should be the goal of a successful forest conservation strategy.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Page No 113:
Question 12:
The important message conveyed by the ‘Chipko Movement’ is
(a) to involve the community in forest conservation efforts
(b) to ignore the community in forest conservation efforts
(c) to cut down forest trees for developmental activities
(d) government agencies have the unquestionable right to order destruction of trees in forests
Answer:
'Chipko Movement' highlighted a very important role of community in forest conservation.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Page No 113:
Question 13:
In our country, there are attempts to increase the height of several existing dams like Tehri and Almati, dams across Narmada.
Choose the correct statements among the following that are a consequence of raising the height of dams
(i) Terrestrial flora and fauna of the area is destroyed completely
(ii) Dislocation of people and domestic animals living in the area
(iii) Valuable agricultural land may be permanently lost
(iv) It will generate permanent employment for people
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)
Answer:
The raising of height of dams has been opposed by many environmentalists due to its serious consequences on lives of flora and fauna in the sea, people around the dams and their livelihoods.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 113:
Question 14:
Expand the abbreviation GAP
(a) Governmental Agency for Pollution Control
(b) Gross Assimilation by Photosynthesis
(c) Ganga Action Plan
(d) Governmental Agency for Animal Protection
Answer:
GAP stands for Ganga Action Plan.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 113:
Question 15:
Select the incorrect statement
(a) Economic development is linked to environmental conservation
(b) Sustainable development encourages development for current generation and conservation of resources for future generations
(c) Sustainable development does not consider the view points of stakeholders
(d) Sustainable development is a long planned and persistent development
Answer:
Sustainable development involves the participation of all stakeholders.
Hence,, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 113:
Question 16:
Which of the following is not a natural resource?
(a) Mango tree
(b) Snake
(c) Wind
(d) Wooden house
Answer:
Wooden house is a man-made commodity made from wood. Therefore, it is not a natural resource.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Page No 114:
Question 17:
Select the wrong statement
(a) Forests provide variety of products
(b) Forests have greater plant diversity
(c) Forests do not conserve soil
(d) Forests conserve water
Answer:
Forests help in soil conservation by preventing soil erosion. The roots of trees bind the soil particles.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 114:
Question 18:
Arabari forests of Bengal is dominated by
(a) Teak
(b) Sal
(c) Bamboo
(d) Mangroove
Answer:
Sal trees are present in abundance in Arabari forests of Bengal.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 114:
Question 19:
Ground water will not be depleted due to
(a) afforestation
(b) thermal power plants
(c) loss of forest, and decreased rainfall
(d) cropping of high water demanding crops
Answer:
Afforestation helps in the percolation of water in deeper layers of soil. Therefore, it will not be a reason for depletion of ground water.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Page No 114:
Question 20:
Opposition to the construction of large dams is due to
(a) social reasons
(b) economic reasons
(c) environmental reasons
(d) all the above
Answer:
Construction of large dams is opposed due to the following reasons:
a) Social: People living near the dams are dislocated from their homes.
b) Economic: Livelihoods of people dependent on agricultural land near the dams is disturbed.
c) Environmental: Lives of flora and fauna in the sea is affected.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Page No 114:
Question 21:
Khadins, Bundhis, Ahars and Kattas are ancient structures that are examples for
(a) grain storage
(b) wood storage
(c) water harvesting
(d) soil conservation
Answer:
In ancient times, Khadins, Bundhis, Ahars and Kattas were built as water harvesting structures.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 114:
Question 22:
Pick the right combination of terms which has no fossil fuel.
(a) Wind, ocean and coal
(b) Kerosene, wind and tide
(c) Wind, wood, sun
(d) Petroleum, wood, sun
Answer:
Wind, wood, ocean, tide and sun are examples of renewable resources while coal, kerosene and petroleum are examples of fossil fuels i.e. non-renewable resources.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Page No 114:
Question 23:
Select the eco-friendly activity among the following
(a) Using car for transportation
(b) Using polybags for shopping
(c) Using dyes for colouring clothes
(d) Using windmills to generate power for irrigation
Answer:
The use of windmills for power generation does not cause any ill-effect to environment and thus, it is an eco-friendly activity.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Page No 115:
Question 24:
It is important to make small check dams across the flooded gullies because they
(i) hold water for irrigation
(ii) hold water and prevent soil erosion
(iii) recharge ground water
(iv) hold water permanently
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer:
Small check dams are made across the flooded gullies to hold water, prevent soil erosion and recharge ground water.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Page No 115:
Question 25:
Prepare a list of five items that you use daily in the school. Identify from the list such items that can be recycled.
Answer:
The items that are used in the school daily are plastic water bottle, paper, rexine bag, pen and eraser.
Of these items, plastic water bottle, paper, pen and eraser can be recycled.
Page No 115:
Question 26:
List two advantages associated with water harvesting at the community level.
Answer:
Two advantages associated with water harvesting at the community level are as follows:
- The water stored during rainy season can be used at other times of year.
- Ground water keeps the topsoil moist and prevents water loss by evaporation.
Page No 115:
Question 27:
In a village in Karnataka, people started cultivating crops all around a lake which was always filled with water. They added fertilisers to their field in order to enhance the yield. Soon they discovered that the waterbody was completely covered with green floating plants and fishes started dying in large numbers.
Analyse the situation and give reasons for excessive growth of plants and death of fish in the lake.
Answer:
People added excessive fertilisers in their fields which leached down to the lake during rains. Since phosphates and nitrates are the main constituents of fertilisers, the lake became abundant in these ions. These ions led to excessive plant growth in lake, thereby, cutting off oxygen supply for the fishes living in it. So, due to insufficient availability of dissolved oxygen and nutrients fishes started dying in large numbers.
Page No 115:
Question 28:
What measures would you take to conserve electricity in your house?
Answer:
We would take following measures to conserve electricity in our house:
- Switch off the fans and lights when not in use.
- Replace bulbs and tubelights with LED bulbs.
- Run air conditioners at ambient temperature for limited periods of time.
- Switch off the computer and television screens when not in use.
- Install solar inverter and solar water heater.
Page No 115:
Question 29:
Although coal and petroleum are produced by degradation of biomass, yet we need to conserve them. Why?
Answer:
The formation of coal and petroleum by degradation of biomass is a very slow process and takes millions of years. But they are being consumed at a rapid rate and thus, will be exhausted in near future. Therefore, we need to conserve them.
Page No 115:
Question 30:
Suggest a few measures for controlling carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
Answer:
The following measures are suggested for controlling carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere:
- Encourage the use of carpooling and public transport.
- Install smoke precipitators in chimneys of industries.
- Promote electric vehicles instead of traditional diesel and petrol based vehicles.
- Prevent burning of biodegradable waste by converting it into manure.
Page No 115:
Question 31:
(a) Locate and name the water reservoirs in Figures16.1 (a) and (b).
(b) Which has an advantage over the other and why?
Answer:
(a) The water reservoir is a pond in Figure 16.1 (a) and underground water body in the Figure 16.1 (b).
(b) Figure 16.1 (b) is more advantageous than Figure 16.1 (a) because of the following reasons:
- Stored water is protected from contamination by animal and human wastes.
- It does not evaporate.
- It fills up the recharge wells.
- It keeps the vegetation moist over a wide area.
Page No 116:
Question 32:
In the context of conservation of natural resources, explain the terms reduce, recycle and reuse. From among the materials that we use in daily life, identify two materials for each category.
Answer:
Reduce means to use a commodity or resource in less quantity. For example, switching off lights and fans when not in use and turn off leaking taps.
Recycle means to collect used products instead of dumping them and synthesize new products from these used products. For example, glass and metallic items.
Reuse is even better than recycle because the energy spent in recycling the used materials is eliminated while reusing the same product again and again. For example, envelopes and plastic bottles.
Page No 116:
Question 33:
Prepare a list of five activities that you perform daily in which natural resources can be conserved or energy utilisation can be minimised.
Answer:
The following activities are performed to conserve natural resources and minimise energy utilisation:
- Wash vehicles with water in bucket and mug instead of pipe.
- Use LED bulbs instead of traditional bulbs and tubelights.
- Switch off the fans and lights when not in use.
- Install solar inverter and water heater.
- Reuse plastic and glass bottles.
Page No 116:
Question 34:
Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons.
Answer:
Water is an indispensible resource for survival of humans. It constitutes about 70% of the human body weight. It is used for many purposes in daily life such as, drinking, bathing, washing clothes and utensils, etc.
Three-fourth of the earth's surface is covered with water but most of it is in saline form. Only 1% of the water is present as freshwater and the distribution of this water is very uneven. Moreover, people are now exploiting water indiscriminately which has led to its acute shortage in some areas of the world. So, it is very important to use this resource judiciously. Thus, conservation of water is necessary.
Page No 116:
Question 35:
Suggest a few useful ways of utilising waste water.
Answer:
The useful ways of utilising waste water are as follows:
- Waster water from ROs and washing machines can be used for washing vehicles and watering the plants.
- It can be used for mopping the floor of the house.
- It can be used for irrigation purposes.
- Treated sewage water can be used for cleaning roads.
- Water spillage from overhead tanks can be used to recharge the ground water.
Page No 116:
Question 36:
What is the importance of forest as a resource?
Answer:
Forest is a very important resource because of following reasons:
- It provides useful products like gums, fruits, resins, essential oils, etc.
- It helps in maintaining the balance between O2 and CO2 in the atmosphere.
- Roots of trees increase the water holding capacity of soil.
- It is a habitat for wide variety of flora and fauna.
- It is a source of industrial raw materials such as, wood, paper, etc.
Page No 116:
Question 37:
Why are the Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forest?
Answer:
In 1972, the West Bengal Forest Department could not revive the degraded Arabari forests of Bengal known for Sal trees' cultivation. So, they decided to involve villagers in the process. As a result of their active and willing participation, the ​Arabari forests underwent a wonderful recovery. The villagers were rewarded for their help with employment in both harvesting and silviculture operations, 25 per cent of the final harvest, and they were allowed to collect fuelwood and fodder on payment of a nominal fee. Hence, Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forest.
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