Integrals

Integration is the inverse process of differentiation. If , then we can write  = f (x) + C. This is called the general or the indefinite integral and C is called the constant of integration. Some standard indefinite integrals are given as follows: Properties of indefinite integrals: and If the derivative of two indefinite integrals is the same, then they belong to same family of curves and hence they are equivalent. , where k is any constant

 

There are three important methods of integration, namely, integration by substitution, integration using partial fractions, and integration by parts. Integration by substitution: A cha…